Investigation of the charging and discharging performance of paraffin/nano-Fe3O4 composite phase change material in a shell and tube thermal energy storage unit

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0311

Abstract

Abstract:

Phase change thermal energy storage technology has remarkable application potential in the use of solar energy and the recovery of waste heat, based on its advantages of high thermal storage density, low-temperature variation, and low cost. However, its practical application is limited by the low thermal conductivity of phase-change materials (PCMs). Thus, in this paper, paraffin/nano-iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) composite PCMs with different fraction masses were prepared using a two-step technique to enhance the thermal conductivity of the PCMs, and its thermo-physical properties were comprehensively characterized. In addition, the charging and discharging performance of composite PCMs were investigated and compared with that of pure paraffin. The results showed that adding nano-Fe₃O₄ could effectively improve the thermal conductivity of composite PCMs compared with pure paraffin. When the mass fraction of nano-Fe₃O₄ was 5%, the thermal conductivity of composite PCMs could be enhanced by 53% in a solid-state and by 79% in a liquid state, and the total melting and solidification time could be shortened by 29.69% and 29.81%, respectively. Although the stored and released heat declined by 5.62% and 7.32%, the exergy efficiency was improved by 0.43% and 3.37% during the charging and discharging processes. The intensity of natural convection heat transfer in the charging and discharging processes was weakened by nano-Fe₃O₄.

Key words: phase change thermal energy storage, paraffin, nanoparticle, thermal conductivity, shell and tube thermal energy storage unit

CLC Number:

TK 02

Bohui LU, Zhicheng SHI, Yongxue ZHANG, Hongyu ZHAO, Zixi WANG. Investigation of the charging and discharging performance of paraffin/nano-Fe₃O₄ composite phase change material in a shell and tube thermal energy storage unit[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1709-1719.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 1

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Table 2

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

Fig. 11

Fig. 12

Fig. 13

Fig. 14

References 20

1	新华网.习近平在第七十五届联合国大会一般性辩论上发表重要讲话[EB/OL]. [2020-09-22]. http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2020-09/22/c_1126527647.htm.
2	刘晓龙, 崔磊磊, 李彬, 等. 碳中和目标下中国能源高质量发展路径研究[J]. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2021, 23(3): 1-8.
	LIU X L, CUI L L, LI B, et al. Research on the high-quality development path of China's energy industry under the target of carbon neutralization[J]. Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology (Social Sciences Edition), 2021, 23(3): 1-8.
3	何峰, 李廷贤, 姚金煜, 等. 基于相变储热的太阳能多模式采暖系统及应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2019, 8(2): 311-318.
	HE F, LI T X, YAO J Y, et al. Solar multi-mode heating system based on latent heat thermal energy storage and its application[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(2): 311-318.
4	徐治国, 赵长颖, 纪育楠, 等. 中低温相变蓄热的研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2014, 3(3): 179-190.
	XU Z G, ZHAO C Y, JI Y N, et al. State-of-the-art of phase-change thermal storage at middle-low temperature[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2014, 3(3): 179-190.
5	汪翔, 陈海生, 徐玉杰, 等. 储热技术研究进展与趋势[J]. 科学通报, 2017, 62(15): 1602-1610.
	WANG X, CHEN H S, XU Y J, et al. Advances and prospects in thermal energy storage: A critical review[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2017, 62(15): 1602-1610.
6	王培伦, 彭志坚, 王述浩, 等. 弯管强化相变储热传热特性的模拟[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2012, 1(2): 116-122.
	WANG P L, PENG Z J, WANG S H, et al. Numerical simulation of heat transfer behaviour of a twisted pipe containing a phase change material[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2012, 1(2): 116-122.
7	张佳利, 丁宇, 曲丽洁, 等. 石蜡/膨胀石墨复合相变储热单元的放热性能[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2019, 8(1): 108-115.
	ZHANG J L, DING Y, QU L J, et al. Discharge performance of a thermal energy storage unit with paraffin-expanded graphite composite phase change materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(1): 108-115.
8	李传, 葛志伟, 金翼, 等. 基于复合相变材料储热单元的储热特性[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2015, 4(2): 169-175.
	LI C, GE Z W, JIN Y, et al. Heat transfer behaviour of thermal energy storage components using composite phase change materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2015, 4(2): 169-175.
9	王君雷, 徐祥贵, 孙通, 等. 一种螺旋翅片式相变储热单元的储热优化模拟[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(2): 514-522.
	WANG J L, XU X G, SUN T, et al. Simulation of heat storage process in spiral fin phase change heat storage unit[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(2): 514-522.
10	ZHANG C B, LI J, CHEN Y P. Improving the energy discharging performance of a latent heat storage (LHS) unit using fractal-tree-shaped fins[J]. Applied Energy, 2020, 259: doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114102.
11	PARK J, CHOI S H, KARNG S W. Cascaded latent thermal energy storage using a charging control method[J]. Energy, 2021, 215: doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.119166.
12	WANG J, LI Y X, WANG Y, et al. Experimental investigation of heat transfer performance of a heat pipe combined with thermal energy storage materials of CuO-paraffin nanocomposites[J]. Solar Energy, 2020, 211: 928-937.
13	NOURANI M, HAMDAMI N, KERAMAT J, et al. Thermal behavior of paraffin-nano-Al₂O₃ stabilized by sodium stearoyl lactylate as a stable phase change material with high thermal conductivity[J]. Renewable Energy, 2016, 88: 474-482.
14	SHARMA R K, GANESAN P, TYAGI V V, et al. Thermal properties and heat storage analysis of palmitic acid-TiO₂ composite as nano-enhanced organic phase change material (NEOPCM)[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2016, 99: 1254-1262.
15	刘丽辉, 莫雅菁, 孙小琴, 等. 纳米增强型复合相变材料的传热特性[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(4): 1105-1112.
	LIU L H, MO Y J, SUN X Q, et al. Thermal behavior of the nanoenhanced phase change materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(4): 1105-1112.
16	BOSE P, AMIRTHAM V A. A review on thermal conductivity enhancement of paraffinwax as latent heat energy storage material[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016, 65: 81-100.
17	LAURA C, LAURA F, SIMONEM, et al. Nano-PCMs for enhanced energy storage and passive cooling applications[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering (Design, Processes, Equipment, Economics), 2017(110): 584-589.
18	PRABHU B, VALANARASU A. Stability analysis of TiO₂-Ag nanocomposite particles dispersed paraffin wax as energy storage material for solar thermal systems[J]. Renewable Energy, 2020, 152: 358-367.
19	LONGEON M, SOUPART A, FOURMIGUÉ J F, et al. Experimental and numerical study of annular PCM storage in the presence of natural convection[J]. Applied Energy, 2013, 112: 175-184.
20	AL-ABIDI A A, MAT S, SOPIAN K, et al. Numerical study of PCM solidification in a triplex tube heat exchanger with internal and external fins[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2013, 61: 684-695.

复合相变材料	导热系数/(W·m^-1·K^-1)		导热系数增长率/%	参考文献
复合相变材料	纯相变材料	相变材料/纳米颗粒	导热系数增长率/%	参考文献
石蜡/1.20%CuO	0.217(固态)	0.270(固态)	24.40	[12]
石蜡/10.00%Al₂O₃	0.197(固态)	0.259(固态)	31.47	[13]
石蜡/10.00%Al₂O₃	0.148(液态)	0.167(液态)	12.84	[13]
棕榈酸/10.00%TiO₂	0.195(固态)	0.350(固态)	79.49	[14]
石蜡/0.02%纳米石墨	0.300(固态)	0.360(固态)	20.00	[15]
石蜡/1.00%炭黑	0.260(固态)	0.323(固态)	24.23	[17]
石蜡/1.50%TiO₂-Ag	0.240(固态)	0.466(固态)	94.17	[18]
石蜡/5.00%Fe₃O₄	0.269(固态)	0.411(固态)	52.79	本研究
石蜡/5.00%Fe₃O₄	0.181(液态)	0.324(液态)	79.01	本研究

参数	纯石蜡		复合相变材料
参数	熔化过程	凝固过程	熔化过程	凝固过程
密度/(kg·m^-3)	798.37	798.37	817.62	817.62
固相线温度/K	321.28	313.43	320.80	314.38
液相线温度/K	329.78	321.69	327.60	320.59
相变潜热/(J·g^-1)	203.56	200.46	186.50	176.04
体膨胀系数/(1·K^-1)	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
比热容/(J·kg^-1·K^-1)	-819.402+9.08T	84.048+6.08T	-6.975+6.5T	1325.359+2.14T
导热系数/(W·m^-1·K^-1)	0.9258226-0.002204T	0.9258226-0.002204T	1.063056-0.002186T	1.063056-0.002186T
动力黏度/(Pa·s)	0.06498063-0.000173852T	0.06498063-0.000173852T	0.4566513-0.001116444T	0.4566513-0.001116444T

[1]	XIE Chenglu, HUANG Xiankun, KANG Lixia, LIU Yongzhong. Electrocatalytic performances of Ru nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes by colloidal solution for synthetic ammonia [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(6): 1947-1956.
[2]	Liangtao XIONG, Jifen WANG, Huaqing XIE, Xuelai ZHANG. Effect of vacancy defects on thermal conductivity of single-layer graphene by molecular dynamics [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1322-1330.
[3]	Miao JIANG, Hongli WAN, Gaozhan LIU, Wei WENG, Chao WANG, Xiayin YAO. Co_0.1Fe_0.9S₂@Li₇P₃S₁₁composite cathode material for all-solid-state lithium batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(3): 925-930.
[4]	Haimin WANG, Yufei WANG, Feng HU. Thermal management performance of cylindrical power batteries made of graphite paraffin composite phase change materials [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(1): 210-217.
[5]	Hang TU, Hang ZHANG, Lihui LIU, Jie LI, Xiaoqin SUN. Study on heat transfer of phase change materials imbedded in a concrete wall [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(1): 287-294.
[6]	Tingting DENG, Yingling CAI. Effect of expanded graphite on the melting and solidification of paraffin in cage-drawer water tank [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(1): 190-197.
[7]	Zhao LI, Baorang LI, Liu CUI, Xiaoze DU. Stability of the thermal performances of molten salt-based nanofluid [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(6): 1775-1783.
[8]	WAN Qian, HE Luxi, HE Zhengbin, YI Songlin. Exothermic process and heat transfer of iron foam/paraffin composite phase change energy storage materials [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(4): 1098-1104.
[9]	LIU Lihui, MO Yajing, SUN Xiaoqin, LI Jie, LI Chuanchang, XIE Baoshan. Thermal behavior of the nanoenhanced phase change materials [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(4): 1105-1112.
[10]	XIONG Feng, CHENG Xiaomin, LI Yuanyuan, DAI Pei, WANG Xiuli, ZHONG Hao. Effect of the in situ synthesis of nano-ZnO on the specific heat capacity of solar salt [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(2): 440-447.
[11]	ZOU Yong, QIU Rudong, WANG Xia. Simulation study on thermal storage process of paraffin phase change materials [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(1): 101-108.
[12]	WAN Qian, XIAO Haonan, QIAN Jing, HE Zhengbin, YI Songlin. Influence of iron foam on paraffin phase change heat storage process [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(1): 94-100.
[13]	XU Zhong, HOU Jing, WAN Shuquan, LI Jun, WU Enhui, LIU Qianshu, GAN Xin. Preparation and thermal properties of metal foam/ paraffin composite phase change materials [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(1): 109-116.
[14]	SANG Lixia, XU Yongwang, LI Feng, ZHANG Yating, MA Wentong, CHEN Xu, WANG Hao. Preparation of form-stable carbonates/magnesium oxide-flake graphite composite thermal storage material and its thermal conductivity [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(5): 886-890.
[15]	ZHANG Jiali, DING Yu, QU Lijie, HE Zhengbin, YI Songlin. Discharge performance of a thermal energy storage unit with paraffin-expanded graphite composite phase change materials [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(1): 108-115.

Investigation of the charging and discharging performance of paraffin/nano-Fe₃O₄ composite phase change material in a shell and tube thermal energy storage unit

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 16

References 20

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments