Research on carbon emission of electric vehicle in its life cycle

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0618

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the method of reducing automobile carbon emissions, it is vital to understand the carbon emission law of automobiles over their whole life cycle. To obtain the carbon emission law of electric vehicles in the whole life cycle, a carbon emission calculation model from material acquisition to vehicle production, use, recycling, and reuse is established by using the carbon emission factor method. The carbon emission of a BYD E6 car, for instance, is calculated using data on power structures from 2021, and the characteristics of carbon emissions are examined from the perspectives of various life cycle stages, vehicle components, and materials, as well as the potential for carbon emission reduction offered by power battery recycling technology and power structure. The results demonstrate that: the proportion of carbon emissions in the use stage is the highest, reaching 88.4%, followed by the material acquisition stage, accounting for 7.8%, and the carbon emissions in the recycling and reuse stage are negative, leading to positive benefits; Recovery and reuse can effectively reduce carbon emissions, accounting for 22.1% of the total carbon emissions, The power battery adopting echelon utilization technology shows the highest reuse rate, which reduces the carbon emission proportion of the power battery to 7.3% at the material acquisition stage; When the proportion of clean energy in the power structure reaches 67.5%, the carbon emissions of the single vehicle will be 54.6% of the emissions in 2021; When the proportion of clean energy in the power structure reaches 96%, the carbon emissions of the single vehicle will be 20.3% of the emissions in 2021. The research findings give China's policy on reducing carbon emissions from cars and industry technology a scientific foundation.

Key words: carbon emission, carbon emission factor, echelon utilization, recycling technology

CLC Number:

X 828

Xiaoping KANG, Huihui NIE, Min GAO, Fengbiao WU. Research on carbon emission of electric vehicle in its life cycle[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(3): 976-984.

Figures/Tables 15

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名称	质量/kg	更换次数/次
轮胎	80	2
刹车液	1.07	2
润滑油	0.99	2
冷却液	8.48	2
玻璃清洗液体	3.22	2
制冷剂	1.98	2

名称^①	质量/kg	回收效率	耗能/(kg·m³/kg)		碳排放因子^②/[kg(CO₂)/kg]	材料获取碳排放因子^③/[kg(CO₂)/kg]
钢	1136.6	85%	天然气	0.0066	2.8	2.458
钢	1136.6	85%	电力	1.176	0.624	2.458
铁	32.2	80%	煤	0.313	1.87	2.05
铁	32.2	80%	电力	0.622	0.624	2.05
铝	112.54	85%	天然气	0.047	2.8	16.4
铝	112.54	85%	电力	0.2211	0.624	16.4
铜	55.54	90%	电力	2.65	0.624	4.1

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