Energy Storage Science and Technology ›› 2022, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (3): 1044-1051.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0599

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Preparation and investigation of quaternary nitrates/halloysites/graphite shape-stable composite phase change material with low melting temperature for thermal energy storage

Yuying LI(), Wenzhen WEI, Qi LI(), Yuting WU   

  1. MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
  • Received:2021-11-12 Revised:2021-11-18 Online:2022-03-05 Published:2022-03-11
  • Contact: Qi LI E-mail:1078077214@qq.com;liqi@bjut.edu.cn

Abstract:

Herein, a shape-stable molten salt-based composite phase change material with low melting temperature and large temperature range was fabricated by cold compression-hot sintering approach and investigated. A eutectic quaternary nitrate of Ca(NO3)2-KNO3-NaNO3-NaNO2 is used as the phase change material (PCM), and halloysite and graphite are respectively employed as the structure supporting material and thermal conductivity enhancer. Several characterizations, including differential scanning calorimetry, laser thermal conductivity test, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were conducted to investigate the microstructure, chemical compatibility, and thermal properties of the composite. The results show that a fairly low melting point about 91.3 ℃ and relatively high decomposition temperature of 627.5 ℃ were observed, giving the composite a large energy storage density exceeding 630.15 kJ/kg at a temperature range of 25—625 ℃. For the composite containing 10% graphite, the material's thermal conductivity can be increased by 44.8% from 0.58 to 1.18 W·(m·K)-1. Due to the special hollow structure of the halloysite nanotube, the molten salt can be absorbed by the halloysite, and hence the issues of salt corrosion, leakage, and decomposition can be effectively addressed. No chemical reaction occurs among the salt, halloysite, and graphite, including good chemical stability achieved in the composite. After 100 heating-cooling cycles, the fluctuation of the phase change temperature and latent heat is less than 3.5%, demonstrating the excellent cycling stability of the composites. The present results indicate that such salt-based composite with low melting temperature and high thermal performance could be an effective alternative to organic-based PCMs used in low-mid thermal energy storage systems.

Key words: halloysite nanotubes, quaternary nitrates, composite phase change materials, thermal energy storage

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