Research on optimal thermal runaway suppression parameters of heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing devices for electric buses

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0134

Abstract

Abstract:

One of the development directions to meet the "sustainable development" policy and achieve "carbon neutrality" is new energy vehicles. With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles, the safety of onboard lithium-ion power batteries has received increased attention. Thermal, electrical, and mechanical abuse will result in battery combustion and explosion. As a result, research into thermal runaway suppression of power batteries is important in practice. In this study, a 202 Ah lithium iron phosphate battery box experimental platform for electric buses is built. The inhibitory effects of heptafluoropropane on the thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries; the inhibitory effects of heptafluoropropane on the thermal runaway of lithium-ion battery backpacks; and the protective effects of heptafluoropropane on the thermal runaway of lithium-ion battery boxes are analyzed using three aspects: fire extinguishing agent dose; spraying time; and spraying mode. The results show that the hose with bilateral gap holes can spray 1.8 kg of fire extinguishing agent heptafluoropropane (at a rate of 0.06 kg/s) and effectively inhibit thermal runaway. It has also been found that the critical temperature for lithium iron phosphate battery protection is 85 ℃. A fire extinguishing system for electric buses with a trigger temperature of 80 ℃ is designed within the guaranteed margin. The results show that battery performance does not change significantly before and after fire extinguishing, and that the fire extinguishing system can provide safety guarantees. This study provides an experimental foundation for the research and development of vehicle heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing systems and helps in promoting the application of lithium-ion battery-electric bus fire extinguishing devices.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, thermal runaway, heptafluoropropane gas, inhibitory effect

CLC Number:

TM 911

Tianyi LI, Yinghou JIAO. Research on optimal thermal runaway suppression parameters of heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing devices for electric buses[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(10): 3239-3245.

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序号	喷放孔孔径/mm	喷放孔数量/个	喷放时间/s	喷放速率/(kg/s)
1	直喷		20	0.09
2	2.0	10	30	0.06

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