Thermal management control of tram power battery using on air conditioner

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0130

Abstract

Abstract:

The power battery of the new energy tram operates intermittently and generates significant heat during charging and discharging, with hysteresis in heat transfer from the inside of the battery module to the surface. Generally, various forms of heat dissipation devices need to be configured. When the thermal management system of the battery is designed using an inverter air conditioner, the battery can control the temperature within a reasonable range using its heat pump characteristics. This paper introduces a multi temperature fusion temperature zone control method suitable for this thermal management system, which primarily consists of a compressor frequency calculation method and dynamic temperature interval control. Based on the return air temperature, the ambient temperature is introduced to correct it as well as improve the air conditioner's operation efficiency; the battery temperature is introduced to make a secondary correction as well as improve the response speed of the air conditioner, and the corrected temperature is used to participate in the frequency calculation of the compressor. The temperature in the box is controlled as a wide range of temperature range, which is dynamically adjusted according to the change trend of return air temperature, so that the cooling or heating time of air conditioner is reduced and the abnormal rise of return air temperature is suppressed. The frequency conversion speed regulation control methods of the internal fan and condensing fan are also introduced. A comparative experimental test was performed on the battery box (and air conditioner) using this method. The energy consumption of the air conditioner is reduced by about 4% and the maximum temperature of the battery is reduced by nearly 2 ℃ compared with the comparative control method. The results show that the method can not only realize the demand for temperature regulation of the battery box and optimizes the battery environment, but also reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioner. The power battery box with the thermal management system has been installed and is in use on the tram.

Key words: battery thermal management, multi temperature integration, dynamic temperature zone, inverter air conditioner

CLC Number:

TM 912

Yanzong LV, Bing HAN, Hongyu WANG, Yangfei XU, Xing ZHANG. Thermal management control of tram power battery using on air conditioner[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(10): 3231-3238.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Calculation results of typical working conditions"

序号	回风温度/T_re/℃	环境温度T_o/℃	电池温度T_ba/℃	二次计算温度T_ca2/℃	压缩机频率F_ca/Hz
1	22	35	31	22	14
2	25	35	32	25	34
3	27	35	33	27	48
4	27	44	35	25	34
5	27	44	39	27	48
6	25 $→$ 27(30 s)	44	39	27 ℃	55

Table 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

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回风温度T_re	控制分区
T_re≥T₁	全功率制冷区
T₂≤T_re<T₁	变频制冷区
T₃≤T_re<T₂	通风区
T_re<T₃	制热区

回风温度T_re	控制分区
T_re≥30 ℃	全功率制冷区
20 ℃≤T_re<30 ℃	变频制冷区
10 ℃≤T_re<20 ℃	通风区
T_re<10 ℃	制热区

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