Optimization of 5G communication base station cabinet based on heat storage of phase change material

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0293

Abstract

Abstract:

This paper explores the effects of phase change temperature (16—30 ℃), the installation location of phase change materials(PCMs), and phase change ventilation on the energy consumption of 5G base stations from the perspective of optimizing the base station cabinet. This is done byfocusing on the problems of poor heat dissipation performance, high energy consumption, high overheating risk, and low cooling efficiency of 5G communication base stations. In Changsha, 20 phase change cabinet models integrated by different phase change temperatures and installation positions of PCMs and two ventilated cabinetmodels were designed. EnergyPlus software was used to simulate energy consumption under different models. The results showedthat the annual power consumption of the traditional base station was 3469.92 kWh. The temperature of the traditional base station cabinet on a typical day in summer showed a downward trend from the outer wall to the inner wall, and vice versa in winter. A traditional base station was in a heat-release state for 72.75% of the year. In designing the base station cabinet, more attention should be paied to the design of heat dissipation capacity in winter and the transition season, considering the optimization of summer thermal insulation performance. When the base station is added with PCMs, the outer arrangement is better than the inner arrangement. When the phase change temperature is 25 ℃ and the outside of the PCMs are arranged, the base station has the best energy-saving effect. The base station's annual power consumption can be reduced by 124.75 kWh, and its monthly energy saving rate in January is the largest, reaching 16.87%. On this basis, the base station adds ventilation, and the annual energy consumption of the base station is reduced from 3469.92 kWh to 2316.87 kWh, and the annual energy saving rate reaches 33.22%. The monthly energy-saving rate of the base station from January to April and November to December is more than 50%. Compared with the ventilation base station without PCMs, the energy-saving rate of ventilation with PCMs is the largest in December, reaching 17.78%.

Key words: 5G communication base station, phase change materials, performance simulation, cabinet structure, base station ventilation

CLC Number:

TU 86

Jiangtian ZHU, Yuan ZHANG, Yibin LUO, Huiting YANG, Jie LI, Xiaoqin SUN. Optimization of 5G communication base station cabinet based on heat storage of phase change material[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(9): 2789-2798.

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材料	密度/(kg/m³)	比热容/ [J/(kg·K]]	导热系数/ [W/(m·K)]	厚度/mm
聚氨酯发泡板	30	1400	0.028	30/20
钢板	7200	380	110	2/2

模型编号	相变材料相变温度/℃	相变材料布置位置	通风状态
0	—	—	—
1/2	16	内侧/外侧	—
3/4	18	内侧/外侧	—
5/6	20	内侧/外侧	—
7/8	22	内侧/外侧	—
9/10	23	内侧/外侧	—
11/12	24	内侧/外侧	—
13/14	25	内侧/外侧	—
15/16	26	内侧/外侧	—
17/18	28	内侧/外侧	—
19/20	30	内侧/外侧	—
21/22	—/25	—/外侧	开启

相变材料	相变温度 /℃	相变潜热 /(J/kg)	密度 /(kg/m³)	比热容 /[kJ/(kg·K)]	导热系数 /[W/(m·K)]
固态	25±2	194	860	2.12	0.2952
液态	25±2	194	852	2.01	0.1972

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