Active control method for power restoration in distribution networks considering the characteristics of distributed energy storage SOC

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0108

Abstract

Abstract:

Abstract: During power restoration in a distribution network, some devices may experience problems such as overcharging or overdischarging because of the differentiated characteristics of the SOC (state of charge) of various battery energy storage devices. These problems pose a threat to the stable operation of the distribution network. A power restoration active control method that considers the state of charge (SOC) characteristics of battery energy storage is proposed to better utilize the active power support capability of energy storage during power restoration in the distribution network. First, the dynamic response capability of distributed photovoltaics and energy storage systems was considered based on the frequency response characteristics of distributed photovoltaics and battery energy storage. An active power control model was then established for power supply recovery scenarios in the distribution network. Then, the analytical relationship between the energy storage SOC and the frequency modulation coefficient was analyzed, and a frequency modulation coefficient constraint was constructed considering the characteristics of the energy storage SOC. Accordingly, the capacity limitation of energy storage and the state space equation of the distribution network were examined, and a method for the collaborative optimization of the energy-storage frequency modulation coefficient was developed, wherein the optimization objective function to be minimized was the frequency deviation. Finally, the frequency modulation performance of the control strategy before and after optimization was compared via Matlab/Simulink simulations. The results showed that the algorithm achieved higher control accuracy and faster response speed after optimization. Thus, the frequency modulation capabilities of each energy storage unit were fully utilized, enhancing the active power control performance during the power supply recovery process of the distribution network.

Key words: distribution network, battery energy storage, state of charge, active control

CLC Number:

TM 7

Haoran LI, Zitao WANG. Active control method for power restoration in distribution networks considering the characteristics of distributed energy storage SOC[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(7): 2833-2843.

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符号	含义	数值
H_G	同步机时间惯性常数	6
D	负荷频率响应系数	0.01
K_E	储能调频增益系数	10
T_E	储能惯性响应系数	0.3
K_PV	分布式光伏的一次调频控制增益	8
T_PV1	调频控制指令下发到光伏逆变器的时间常数	0.2
T_PV2	光伏逆变器的执行时间常数	0.5
P_L/p.u.	负荷扰动	0.1

项目	最大频率波动/Hz	调节时间/s
优化后	0.26	5.52
优化前	0.31	7.31

项目	最大频率波动/Hz	调节时间/s
优化后	0.39	8.22
优化前	0.43	10.33