储能科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (3): 684-687.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0043

• 未来科学城储能技术专刊 • 上一篇    下一篇

燃料电池系统氢气利用率的试验研究

翟俊香, 何广利(), 熊亚林   

  1. 北京低碳清洁能源研究院，北京 102211
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-09 修回日期:2020-04-02 出版日期:2020-05-05 发布日期:2020-05-11
  • 通讯作者: 何广利 E-mail:guangli.he@chnenergy.com.cn
  • 作者简介:翟俊香（1982—），女，博士，研究方向为燃料电池及电化学纯化、压缩，E-mail：junxiang.zhai.a@chnenergy.com.cn；
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFB1505000)

Experimental study on hydrogen utilization of proton exchange membrane fuel cell system

ZHAI Junxiang, HE Guangli(), XIONG Yalin   

  1. National Institute of Clean and-Low-Carbon Energy, Beijing 102211, China
  • Received:2020-01-09 Revised:2020-04-02 Online:2020-05-05 Published:2020-05-11
  • Contact: Guangli HE E-mail:guangli.he@chnenergy.com.cn

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摘要：

为了提高燃料电池系统全工况下的氢气利用率，以空冷型开放式燃料电池系统为实验对象进行了研究。实验结果显示：燃料电池系统运行时，如果阳极出口闭死，电流越高，电压衰减越快。因此，阳极出口须定时排气，以保证燃料电池系统稳定运行。改变阳极进气气压，进气气压越高，系统氢气利用率越低。为了提高氢气利用率，同时保证燃料电池系统稳定运行，低电流放电时，排氢间隔可以适当延长，高电流放电时候，排氢间隔须缩短。全工况下采用统一的排氢间隔（10 s），燃料电池系统放电电流依次为2 A、5 A及8 A的氢气利用率分别为0.6421、0.9280及0.9746；优化排氢模式，采用变化的排氢间隔，低电流2 A时排氢间隔延长到30 s，5 A时排氢间隔延长到20 s，高电流时的排氢间隔不变，全工况下系统氢气利用率均超过了0.95。在实验研究的时间段内（约1 h），两种排氢模式的实际耗氢量分别为0.1241 g、0.1317 g，优化排氢模式后的实际耗氢量节约了约5.77 %。

关键词: 燃料电池, 氢气利用率, 全工况

Abstract:

This study experimentally evaluated an open air-cooled proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system to improve its hydrogen utilization under overall working conditions. When operated in dead-end anode mode, the PEMFC demonstrated faster cell voltage decay at higher discharge currents. Therefore, the PEMFC anode end must be periodically opened to ensure its stable running. Moreover, lowering the hydrogen utilization increased the anode inlet pressure. To improve the hydrogen utilization and stabilize the running of the PEMFC, the anode purge period should be prolonged in low-current operation and shortened otherwise. At PEMFC discharge currents of 2, 5, and 8 A with a uniform purge period, the hydrogen utilizations were 0.6421, 0.9280, and 0.9746, respectively. That is, reducing the discharge current lowered the hydrogen utilization. The optimal anode purge period varied with discharge current, being prolonged to 30 and 20 s at 2 and 5 A, respectively, and it was unchanged between 5 and 8 A. The hydrogen utilization always exceeded 0.95. After approximately 1 h, the actual hydrogen consumptions were 0.1241 and 0.1317 g, respectively; approximately 5.77% of hydrogen amount was saved under optimized purge mode.

Key words: proton exchange membrane fuel cell, hydrogen utilization, overall working condition

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