碳化木耳多孔碳的制备及在硫正极中的应用

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0153

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以冷冻干燥的木耳为前体，在不同碳化温度下，制备了孔结构和表面化学性质可调的碳材料。测试结果表明，碳化温度在450～650 ℃时，所制备的碳材料含氧官能团丰富但缺乏孔道结构；而碳化温度在800～900 ℃时，所制备的碳材料富含微孔和介孔结构(795 m²/g)，但缺乏表面基团。将碳材料作为硫的载体制备碳硫复合材料。实验表明具有丰富微孔和小介孔结构的LD900材料，其微孔对含硫物种具有一定限制作用，使LD900-S呈现3个放电平台，由于微孔和小介孔在循环过程中易被阻塞，致使其循环稳定性较差。而富含极性含氧官能团的LD450材料，则对含硫物种表现出更强的化学吸附作用，所制备的LD450-S正极具有更优的循环稳定性和倍率性能，在0.1 C倍率下，100次循环后比容量仍有577 mA·h/g，在1 C倍率下仍有650 mA·h/g的放电比容量。

关键词: 锂硫电池, 多孔碳, 木耳

Abstract:

Carbon materials with adjustable pore structure and surface chemical properties were prepared at different carbonization temperatures using freeze-dried agaric as a precursor. The measured results show that carbon materials prepared at carbonization temperatures ranging from 450—650 ?℃ have oxygen-containing functional groups without pore structure. While carbon materials prepared at 800—900 ?℃ contain the amount of microporous and mesoporous (795 m²/g) without surface groups. Carbon materials were used as sulfur hosts to prepare carbon-sulfur composite materials to analyze the relationship between the structural properties of the carbon materials and the electrochemical properties of the C/S composites. It was found that LD900 material with plenty of microporous and mesoporous shows three discharge platforms due to the limitation of microporous structure towards sulfur-containing species. However, the micropores and small mesopores are easily blocked during the cycle process, resulting in LD900-S's poor cycle stability. While the LD450 has plenty of polar oxygen-containing functional groups, it has plenty of chemisorption towards sulfur-containing species. In addition, the prepared LD450-S cathode exhibits improved cycle stability and rate performance. After 100 cycles at 0.1 C, the specific discharge capacity is 577 mA·h/g, and at 1 C, the specific discharge capacity is still 650 mA·h/g.

Key words: lithium sulfur battery, porous carbon, agaric

中图分类号:

TQ 028.8

孙春水, 郭德才, 陈剑. 碳化木耳多孔碳的制备及在硫正极中的应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(6): 2060-2068.

Chunshui SUN, Decai GUO, Jian CHEN. Preparation and research of carbonized agaric material for sulfur cathodes[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(6): 2060-2068.

图/表 10

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