金属泡沫/石蜡复合相变材料的制备及热性能研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2019.0187

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用泡沫铜、泡沫镍和泡沫铝为支撑材料，石蜡作为相变主材，通过恒温浸渍法和浇注法制备多种复合相变材料。研究吸附温度和时间对金属泡沫/石蜡复合材料中石蜡含量的影响，确定恒温浸渍法制备复合相变材料的优选条件为70 ℃水浴下吸附10 min，借助稳态平板法测导热系数技术和红外成像技术对优选条件下制备的复合相变材料的导热系数和温度场分布情况进行测试。结果表明，蓄-放热过程中泡沫铜/石蜡复合材料稳定性最好，温度分布最均匀；复合材料在50 ℃和35 ℃之间进行蓄-放热时，泡沫铝/石蜡复合相变材料的蓄-放时间最短；恒温浸渍法制备的复合相变材料导热系数比纯石蜡高5～9倍，浇注法制备的复合材料则比纯石蜡高6～13倍。本研究有助于推动泡沫金属/石蜡复合材料的成型应用，为今后复合相变材料温度场分布情况研究提供实验依据。

关键词: 泡沫金属, 石蜡, 复合相变材料, 蓄-放热, 导热系数

Abstract:

Copper foam, nickel foam, and aluminum foam were used as supporting materials, and paraffin was used as the main material. Multiple composite phase change materials were prepared by constant temperature impregnation and pouring methods. Herein, the effects of adsorption temperature and time on the paraffin content of metal foam/paraffin composites and optimal conditions for preparing composite phase change materials by the constant temperature impregnation method are established. Adsorption was conducted at 70 °C for 10 min. The temperature field distribution and thermal conductivity of the multiple composite phase change materials prepared under the optimal condition were tested by the thermal conductivity measurement technology （based on the guarded hot-plate method and infrared imaging technology）. The results indicate that the copper foam/ paraffin composites were the most stable and exhibited the most uniform temperature field distribution during the thermal storage and release process. With a composite thermal storage material released between 35 °C and 50 °C, the shortest duration was revealed by the aluminum foam/ paraffin composite phase change material. The thermal conductivity of composite phase change materials prepared by constant temperature impregnation was 5-9 times higher than that of pure paraffin. The composite materials were prepared by pouring 6-13 times. This study is helpful in promoting the manufacture of metal foam/ paraffin composite phase change materials and provides an experimental basis for conducting future study on the temperature field distribution of the composite phase change materials.

Key words: metal foam, paraffin, composite phase change material, thermal storage and release, thermal conductivity

中图分类号:

TK 02

徐众, 侯静, 万书权, 李军, 吴恩辉, 刘黔蜀, 甘鑫. 金属泡沫/石蜡复合相变材料的制备及热性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(1): 109-116.

XU Zhong, HOU Jing, WAN Shuquan, LI Jun, WU Enhui, LIU Qianshu, GAN Xin. Preparation and thermal properties of metal foam/ paraffin composite phase change materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(1): 109-116.

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名称	质量m₁/g	堆体积V₁/cm³	真体积V₂/cm³	假密度ρ₁/g·cm^-3	真密度ρ₂/g·cm^-3	孔隙率/%
泡沫铜	1.2210	3.2989	0.1260	0.3701	9.6905	96.18
泡沫铝	0.8724	3.1479	0.4000	0.2771	2.1810	87.29
泡沫镍	0.9579	2.8526	0.1800	0.3358	5.3217	93.69

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