凝胶聚合物电解质在固态超级电容器中的研究进展

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2019.0284

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

固态超级电容器作为超级电容器的一种结构分支，因其具有安全、环境友好等优点而成为研究热点。固态超级电容器（SSCs）要求电解质具有低电子电导率、室温下高离子电导率和良好的力学性能等特点。凝胶聚合物电解质（GPE）是固态聚合物电解质中离子电导率较高的一种，既无电解质泄漏的风险，也不具有水系电解质的毒性或有机系电解质的易燃性。GPE根据溶剂类型分为水凝胶聚合物电解质、有机凝胶聚合物电解质、离子液凝胶电解质，凝胶聚合物电解质主要由聚合物基体、添加剂、导电盐组成。GPE既是离子导电的介质，又起到隔膜的作用。本文综述了GPE在SSCs中的最新研究进展，并指出GPE未来研究发展趋势。

关键词: 凝胶聚合物电解质, 添加剂, 导电盐, 离子电导率, 固态超级电容器

Abstract:

Solid supercapacitors (SSCs) have become a hotspot of supercapacitor research as they satisfy safety requirements and are environment friendly. SSCs require electrolytes with low electronic conductivity, high ionic conductivity at room temperature, and good mechanical properties. Gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) is a solid polymer electrolyte with high ionic conductivity, zero risk of electrolyte leakage, no toxicity (unlike water systems), and heat resistance properties (unlike flammable organic systems). Depending on the solvent type, GPEs can be prepared as hydrogel polymer electrolytes, organic gel polymer electrolytes, or ionic liquid gel electrolytes. GPE is mainly composed of a polymer matrix, an additive, and a conductive salt. It plays dual roles as an ion-conducting medium and a separator. This article summarizes the latest research progress on GPE in SSCs and suggests the research development trends of future GPE-based SCCs.

Key words: Gel polymer electrolyte, additive, conductive salt, ionic conductivity, solid supercapacitors

中图分类号:

TB 34

屈晨滢, 侯朝霞, 王晓慧, 王健, 王凯, 李思瑶. 凝胶聚合物电解质在固态超级电容器中的研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(3): 776-783.

QU Chenying, HOU Zhaoxia, WANG Xiaohui, WANG Jian, WANG Kai, LI Siyao. Research progress of gel polymer electrolytes on solid supercapacitors[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(3): 776-783.

图/表 2

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