大规模电池储能调频应用运行效益评估

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0223

储能科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (6): 1828-1836.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0223

大规模电池储能调频应用运行效益评估

饶宇飞¹(), 高泽¹, 杨水丽²(), 王丽君², 李相俊², 张景超³

^1.国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院，河南郑州 450052
^2.中国电力科学研究院有限公司新能源与储能运行控制国家重点实验室，北京 100192
^3.国网河南省电力公司，河南郑州 450052

收稿日期:2020-06-08 修回日期:2020-07-08 出版日期:2020-11-05 发布日期:2020-10-28
通讯作者: 杨水丽 E-mail:ryf326@163.com;40303126@qq.com
作者简介:饶宇飞(1984—)，男，高级工程师，研究方向为电力系统安全稳定分析，E-mail：ryf326@163.com；
基金资助:
国家电网公司科技项目(电化学储能电站群在特高压交直流混联受端电网应用关键技术研究及示范)

Operational benefit evaluation for frequency regulation application of large-scale battery energy storage

Yufei RAO¹(), Ze GAO¹, Shuili YANG²(), Lijun WANG², Xiangjun LI², Jingchao ZHANG³

^1.China Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Henan Electric Power Company, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
^2.State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy & Storage Systems, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China
^3.State Grid Henan Electric Power Company, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China

Received:2020-06-08 Revised:2020-07-08 Online:2020-11-05 Published:2020-10-28
Contact: Shuili YANG E-mail:ryf326@163.com;40303126@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

具有优异控制性能的电池储能系统成为应对故障或大功率扰动后因电网调频能力不足而使系统频率特性恶化的新一代支撑手段，但储能应用市场机制尚未厘清以及效用与价值衡量尚不系统从而制约储能在调频领域的发展。针对该问题，本文在分析各有侧重的储能调频价值量化研究成果基础上，结合设备、基建、运行维护等成本构成分析，从储能运营商、发电侧及电网侧等各价值流向方收益、环境效益与社会效益等维度，构建了储能调频系统的运行效益评估的指标及数学模型，包含财务净现值、收益率、投资回收期、节约化石能源以及气体与烟尘减排等可量化的评估指标模型。采用最小二乘法确定主、客观指标权重决策思想，最终提出了可全面客观反映储能不同准则层的经济性以及评判各准则层的运行效益综合评估模型，探索了储能调频经济可行性分析思路。以某省网已实现挂网运行的9MW/4.5MW·h储能联合300MW火电机组调频为例，评估了储能在电网调频应用中的综合运行效益情况以及投资盈亏点，可为储能在调频领域的应用提供投资决策参考。

关键词: 电池储能, 调频, 最小二乘法, 运行效益

Abstract:

The battery energy storage system with an excellent control performance has become a new generation of support means for dealing with the frequency problem after faults or high-power disturbances. However, the market mechanism for energy storage applications has not yet been clarified, and the value measurement has not yet become systematic, restricting its development. In response to this problem, based on the analysis of the research results, combines the cost analysis of equipment, infrastructure, operation, and maintenance, etc., from the dimensions of the flow of value to the revenue, environmental benefits and social benefits, the operation benefit evaluation index and mathematical mode of energy storage frequency modulation system are constructed, it includes quantifiable evaluation index models such as financial net present value, rate of return, investment payback period, fossil energy conservation, and gas and smoke emission reduction. Using the least square method to determine the weighted decision ideas of subjective and objective indicators, this study puts forward a comprehensive evaluation model that can reflect the economics of different criterion layers and judge the operating benefits of each criterion layer. A 9 MW/4.5 MWh energy storage combined with a 300 MW thermal power unit is taken as an example, by which the effectiveness of the operational benefit evaluation method is verified.

Key words: battery energy storage, frequency regulation, least square method, operation benefit

中图分类号:

TQ 028.8

饶宇飞, 高泽, 杨水丽, 王丽君, 李相俊, 张景超. 大规模电池储能调频应用运行效益评估[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(6): 1828-1836.

Yufei RAO, Ze GAO, Shuili YANG, Lijun WANG, Xiangjun LI, Jingchao ZHANG. Operational benefit evaluation for frequency regulation application of large-scale battery energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(6): 1828-1836.

图/表 7

图1

图2

表1

1千克煤所排放的污染物"

种类	污染物排放量/kg	排放收费标准/元·kg^-1
CO₂	2.4925	0.160
SO₂	0.075	20
$N O x$	0.0375	0.6316

表1

图3

表2

表3

表4

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项目收益 /万元	调频补偿标准
项目收益 /万元	5元/MW	10元/MW
储能侧补偿收益	564	1128
发电侧补偿收益	141	282
考核减少收益	186.5	186.5
发电煤耗减少收益	216	216
总调频费用减少收益	827	827
环境效益	692	692

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大规模电池储能调频应用运行效益评估

Operational benefit evaluation for frequency regulation application of large-scale battery energy storage

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年份	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
年总收益	705	705	705	705	705	705	705	705	705	705
营业成本	200	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300
电费	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
日常运营费用	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
设备维护及更换	0	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100

年份	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
年总收益/万元	1410	1410	1410	1410	1410	1410	1410	1410	1410	1410
营业成本/万元	200	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300	300
电费/万元	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
日常运营费用/万元	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
设备维护及更换/万元	0	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100