储能科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (2): 834-845.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0856

• 储能技术经济性分析 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于现货电能量市场与一次调频市场联合优化模型的独立储能项目经济性分析

王雷1(), 闫瑞涛2, 张凡1, 闫娜2, 岳芬3(), 傅旭1, 刘梦晨2, 杨韵彰2   

  1. 1.中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司,陕西 西安 710075
    2.国网陕西省电力有限公司经济技术研究院,陕西 西安 710075
    3.中关村储能产业技术联盟,北京 100190
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-12 修回日期:2024-11-19 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2025-03-18
  • 通讯作者: 岳芬 E-mail:wangleib@nwepdi.com;fen.yue@cnesa.org
  • 作者简介:王雷(1984—),男,硕士,高级工程师、注册咨询工程师,研究方向为电力系统规划分析,E-mail:wangleib@nwepdi.com

Economic analysis of independent energy-storage project participation based on the optimization model of in-spot power market and primary frequency regulation markets

Lei WANG1(), Ruitao YAN2, Fan ZHANG1, Na YAN2, Fen YUE3(), Xu FU1, Mengchen LIU2, Yunzhang YANG2   

  1. 1.Northwest Electric Power Design Institute Co. , Ltd. , China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Xi'an 710075, Shaanxi, China
    2.Research Institute of Economics and Technology of State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co. , Ltd. , Xi'an 710075, Shaanxi, China
    3.China Energy Storage Alliance, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2024-09-12 Revised:2024-11-19 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2025-03-18
  • Contact: Fen YUE E-mail:wangleib@nwepdi.com;fen.yue@cnesa.org

摘要:

独立储能仅参与现货电能量市场难以回收成本,同时参与现货电能量市场和调频辅助服务市场将成为未来趋势。由于两个市场存在耦合,独立储能运营商需要制定合理的市场参与策略以实现收益最大化。考虑当前独立储能的损耗电量相关的价格机制和结算机制,基于现货电能量市场和一次调频辅助服务市场规则,提出了独立储能同时参与现货电能量和一次调频辅助服务市场的联合优化模型,并通过混合整数线性规划进行求解。采用PJM某节点日前现货市场价格、山西独立储能参与一次调频试运行数据,设计算例分析了独立储能在参与不同市场、不同调频申报功率上限情况下的成本及收益构成,分析了不同调频申报功率下储能日循环次数的变化趋势,研究了损耗电量引起的输配电价及基金附加对成本的影响。结果表明,在当前市场规则下,对当前普遍采用2 h以上的独立储能电站来说,同时参与现货电能量市场和一次调频两个市场,可在显著提升其收益水平的同时,降低寿命损耗,损耗电量引起的输配电价、政府性基金及附加成本最高可占储能运行成本的20%以上。

关键词: 独立储能, 一次调频, 经济性分析, 混合整数线性规划

Abstract:

It is difficult for independent energy storage to recover costs by only participating in the spot electricity market. Participation in both the spot and frequency regulation ancillary service markets will become a future trend. Due to the coupling of the two markets, independent energy-storage operators need to develop a reasonable market participation strategy to maximize returns. Considering the current price mechanisms and settlement mechanisms of power consumption of independent energy storage, based on the market rules of spot and primary frequency modulation, a joint optimization model of independent energy storage participating in spot and primary frequency modulation auxiliary service market at the same time is proposed and solved using mixed integer linear programming. Using the spot market price of a node in PJM and the data of Shanxi independent energy storage participating in a frequency modulation trial operation, an example is designed to analyze the cost and income composition of independent energy storage participating in different markets and different frequency modulation power ceilings, analyze the changing trend of daily cycle times of energy storage under different frequency modulation declared power, and compare the influence of transmission and distribution price and fund surcharge caused by power loss on the cost. Under the current market rules, independent energy storage power stations that use more than 2 h can significantly improve their income level and reduce life loss by simultaneously participating in spot and primary frequency modulation markets. The transmission and distribution price, government funds, and additional electricity charges costs caused by the loss of electricity can account for more than 20% of the operating cost of energy storage.

Key words: independent energy storage, primary frequency regulation, economic analysis, mixed integer linear programming

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