Mg-Cr共掺LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 正极材料的制备及电化学性能

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1131

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄(LNMO)是一种具有高工作电压(4.7 V)、高能量密度(650 Wh/kg)和成本低廉优势的正极材料。然而受到电解液分解、Jahn-Teller效应和Mn溶解等因素的影响，LNMO正极材料存在容量衰减快、倍率性能差等问题。为此，本工作采用水热法制备了Mg-Cr共掺杂的LMMO材料，研究了Mg、Cr掺杂量对LNMO电化学性能的影响。结果表明，当Mg、Cr掺杂量各为2%时，LMMO电极表现出最为优异的电化学性能。其在0.1C倍率下的放电比容量为137.3 mAh/g；在1C倍率下循环200次后，容量保持率为85.74%，明显高于原始LNMO的116.5 mAh/g和51.82%。此外，Mg-Cr共掺杂的LMMO电极在0.5 C下放电容量可达121.8 mAh/g，在5 C下可达94.3 mAh/g。机理探究表明，Mg和Cr的共掺杂有利于形成无序的Fd $3 ¯$ m相，提高材料的电导率，降低电极电荷转移电阻。本研究提供了一种改善LNMO性能的简单策略，为高性能锂离子电池正极材料的设计提供了参考。

关键词: LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄, 正极材料, Mg-Cr共掺杂, 电化学性能

Abstract:

LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ (LNMO) is a cathode material known for its high operating voltage (4.7 V), high energy density (650 Wh/kg), and low cost. However, owing to factors such as electrolyte decomposition, Jahn-Teller effect, and Mn dissolution, LNMO cathode materials usually demonstrate rapid capacity fading and poor rate capability. To improve their electrochemical performance, we prepared Mg-Cr co-doped LMMO materials via the hydrothermal method and studied the influence of Mg-Cr co-doping content on the electrochemical performance of the LNMO cathode. Our experimental results show that the optimal electrochemical performance is achieved when the doping content of Mg and Cr is 2% each. The Mg-Cr co-doped LMMO cathode exhibits a discharge capacity of 137.3 mAh/g at 0.1C rate and a capacity retention of 85.74% after 200 cycles at 1C rate, markedly outperforming the original LNMO cathode (116.5 mAh/g and 51.82%, respectively). In addition, it delivers capacities of 121.8 mAh/g at 0.5C and 94.3 mAh/g at 5C. Mechanistic analysis shows that Mg-Cr co-doping promotes the formation of a disordered Fd $3 ¯$ m phase, enhancing the electronic conductivity of LMMO material and reducing the electrochemical polarization and charge transfer resistance of the cathode. This study presents a simple method to improving the electrochemical performance of LNMO cathode and offers valuable insights for designing high-performance lithium-ion battery cathode materials.

Key words: LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄, cathode material, Mg-Cr co-doping, electrochemical characteristic

中图分类号:

TM 911

刘博宇, 王腾飞, 庞青, 陈凯宇, 望红玉. Mg-Cr共掺LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ 正极材料的制备及电化学性能[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(3): 1097-1106.

Boyu LIU, Tengfei WANG, Qing PANG, Kaiyu CHEN, Hongyu WANG. Preparation and electrochemical performance of Mg-Cr co-doped LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ cathode material[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(3): 1097-1106.

图/表 9

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Mg-Cr共掺LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ 正极材料的制备及电化学性能

Preparation and electrochemical performance of Mg-Cr co-doped LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ cathode material

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