基于中高温烟气余热回收的固体显热储热装置热性能实验研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0110

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对工业烟气余热含尘量高、波动性大导致的利用率较低的问题，以高温混凝土为储热介质，开发一款新型卧式烟气-固体显热储热装置，设计并搭建钢铁烧结环冷烟气余热存储中试系统，并对储热装置的温度分布、阻力特性、瞬时能量效率、充放热效率及㶲效率等指标进行实验研究。结果表明：在充/放热过程中，储热模块沿轴向出现明显的斜温层分布，越靠近充热入口，温度越高，径向储热模块的温度分布较为均匀；该储热装置具有较低的压降损失，充热过程中压降逐渐升高，放热过程中压降逐渐降低。瞬时能量效率及换热功率均随充热及放热时间的推移逐渐降低，采用较低烟气流量可获取更加平稳的瞬时能量效率，延长换热时长，并降低装置压降，但会导致换热功率降低，实际运行时需结合具体应用需求选取适宜的流速进行调控。在储热系统运行稳定后，储热装置的储热量、热效率和㶲效率分别为1376 kWh、93.02%和91.7%，平行板式储换热结构实现了固体储热单元与含尘烟气间的高效换热，展现出良好的热性能，并有效解决了换热流道积灰堵塞的问题。该研究可为烟气-固体显热储热装置的规模化设计及应用提供实验依据。

关键词: 烟气余热, 固体显热储热, 斜温层, 热性能, 实验研究

Abstract:

To improve the low utilization efficiency of industrial flue gas waste heat caused by high dust content and significant temperature fluctuations, a novel horizontal flue gas–solid sensible heat storage device employing high-temperature concrete as the thermal storage medium was developed. A pilot-scale system was designed and constructed for the recovery and storage of waste heat from steel sintering ring-cooled flue gas. Experimental investigations were conducted to analyze the temperature distribution, flow resistance characteristics, instantaneous energy efficiency, thermal efficiency, and exergy efficiency of the storage device. The results revealed the formation of thermoclines along the axial direction during charging and discharging, with higher temperatures near the charging inlet and a relatively uniform radial temperature distribution. The device exhibited a low pressure drop, with a gradual pressure increase during charging and a corresponding decrease during discharging. Both the instantaneous energy efficiency and heat transfer power declined over time. Lower flue gas flow rates yielded more stable instantaneous efficiency, extended heat exchange duration, and reduced pressure drop, though at the cost of decreased heat transfer power. Therefore, the optimal flow velocity should be selected according to application requirements. During stable operation, the system achieved a heat storage capacity of 1376 kWh, with thermal and exergy efficiencies of 93.02% and 91.7%, respectively. The parallel-plate heat exchange structure enabled efficient heat transfer between the solid storage unit and dusty flue gas while effectively mitigating ash deposition and channel blockage. These findings provide an experimental foundation for the scale-up and application of flue gas-solid sensible heat storage systems.

Key words: flue gas waste heat, solid sensible heat storage, thermocline, thermal performance, experimental study

中图分类号:

TK 11

陈久林, 薛晓迪, 王丽, 邢至珏. 基于中高温烟气余热回收的固体显热储热装置热性能实验研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(8): 3185-3193.

Jiulin CHEN, Xiaodi XUE, Li WANG, Zhijue XING. Experimental investigation of thermal performance in a solid sensible heat storage device for medium-high-temperature flue gas waste heat recovery[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(8): 3185-3193.

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