锂离子电池负极硅碳复合材料的研究进展

doi:10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2018.0043

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 硅基负极材料具有比容量高、电压平台低、环境友好、资源丰富等优点，有望替代石墨负极应用于下一代高比能锂离子电池。但是硅的导电性较差，且在充放电过程中存在巨大的体积效应，极易导致电极极化、材料粉化、SEI膜重构、库仑效率低和容量持续衰减。硅和碳复合能很好地综合两者的优势，形成结构稳定、循环性好及容量高的负极材料。本文从不同维度的硅（SiNPs、SiNTs/SiNWs、SiNFs、Bulk Si）与碳复合这一角度，综述了硅碳复合材料在结构设计、制备工艺、电化学性能等方面的最新研究进展，并对未来的硅碳复合材料的研究工作进行了展望。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 硅碳复合材料, 负极材料

Abstract: Silicon based anode materials with high specific capacity, low voltage plateau, environmental friendliness and abundant resources, are expected to replace graphite for the next generation lithium-ion batteries with high energy density. However, the conductivity of silicon is poor. Even worse, the huge volume change of Si during charge/discharge process can result in large electrochemical polarization, material pulverization, SEI film reconstitution, low coulombic efficiency and continuous capacity fading. However, silicon and carbon composites can combine their advantages of high capacity and excellent electronic conductivity, forming an anode with stable structure, good cycle stability and high capacity. This paper reviews the research progress of Si/C composite in the structural design, preparation process and electrochemical performance from the view of different dimensions of silicon (SiNPs, SiNTs/SiNWs, SiNFs, Bulk Si), and the Si/C composite materials for future research are also prospected.

Key words: lithium-ion batteries, Si/C composite, anode material

中图分类号:

TM911

鲁豪祺, 林少雄, 陈伟伦, 刘巧云, 罗昱, 张五星. 锂离子电池负极硅碳复合材料的研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2018, 7(4): 595-606.

LU Haoqi, LIN Shaoxiong, CHEN Weilun, LIU Qiaoyun, LUO Yu, ZHANG Wuxing. Research progress on Si/C composites as anode for lithium ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2018, 7(4): 595-606.

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