锂离子电池安全事故：安全性问题，还是可靠性问题

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0345

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来锂离子电池相关的安全性事故频发，使得锂离子电池的安全性成为研究热点。本文分析认为，大多数锂离子电池安全性事故的根源是电池产品的可靠性问题。可靠性是产品在一定时间内、在一定条件下无故障地执行指定功能的能力或可能性，以概率来度量。锂离子电池安全性事故发生的情况符合可靠性的定义特征。本文阐述了现行安全性测试标准不能杜绝电池安全性事故的原因，从可靠性的角度分析了锂离子电池安全失效的各种诱因及其测试方法，以期降低电池安全失效几率，并设计出能够避免或减少安全失效后损害的措施。本文呼吁从业者在大力研发锂离子电池安全技术的同时，重视锂离子电池的可靠性研究。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 安全事故, 可靠性, 热失控, 安全失效

Abstract:

Safety accidents related to lithium-ion batteries occur frequently, causing the safety research of lithium-ion batteries to become a hot topic. This paper analyzes that most of the safety failure stem from the poor reliability of battery products. Reliability is the ability or possibility of a product to perform the predetermined function without failure within a specified period of time and under specified conditions, which is measured by probability. The safety accidents of lithium-ion batteries meet the definition characteristics of reliability. This paper answered why strict safety testing standards cannot eliminate battery safety failure, analyzed the causes of potential safety failure of lithium-ion batteries from the perspective of reliability, and explored their potential test methods. By this paper, measures to avoid or reduce the damage after safety failure are expected. It is emphasized that besides the research on the safety of lithium-ion battery, the reliability research should be paid more attention to.

Key words: lithium-ion batteries, safety accident, reliability, thermal runaway, safety failure

中图分类号:

TM 912.4

王莉, 谢乐琼, 田光宇, 何向明. 锂离子电池安全事故：安全性问题，还是可靠性问题[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(1): 1-6.

Li WANG, Leqiong XIE, Guangyu TIAN, Xiangming HE. Safety accidents of Li-ion batteries： Reliability issues or safety issues[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(1): 1-6.

图/表 2

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