液冷式锂离子电池组可靠性分析及优化设计

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0274

储能科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (11): 3566-3573.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0274

液冷式锂离子电池组可靠性分析及优化设计

刘岩¹^,²(), 肖纯¹^,²(), 伍炜¹^,², 王雯静¹^,², 万昱¹^,²

^1.武汉理工大学自动化学院，湖北武汉 430070
^2.佛山仙湖实验室，广东佛山 528200

收稿日期:2022-05-23 修回日期:2022-06-13 出版日期:2022-11-05 发布日期:2022-11-09
通讯作者: 肖纯 E-mail:sunshine7385@163.com;xiaochun70@163.com
作者简介:刘岩（1999—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为液冷式锂离子电池组的热管理，E-mail：sunshine7385@163.com；
基金资助:
基于氢燃料电池的多能源智能网联汽车关键技术(XHD2020-003)

Reliability analysis and optimization design of liquid-cooled lithium-ion battery pack

Yan LIU¹^,²(), Chun XIAO¹^,²(), Wei WU¹^,², Wenjing WANG¹^,², Yu WAN¹^,²

^1.College of Automation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
^2.Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Foshan 528200, Guangdong, China

Received:2022-05-23 Revised:2022-06-13 Online:2022-11-05 Published:2022-11-09
Contact: Chun XIAO E-mail:sunshine7385@163.com;xiaochun70@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂离子电池已广泛应用于新能源汽车等领域，其可靠性的高低将会直接影响车况。锂离子电池组需要依靠高效的热管理系统来保障其安全可靠运行，其中液冷散热系统对于电池组整体温度的控制及温度均匀性的控制都有很好的效果。通过建立的液冷式锂离子电池组的有限元仿真模型，仿真对比蛇形和双倒U形两种冷却通道对电池组的散热效果。采用的双倒U形比蛇形冷却通道具有更好的效果，电池组的最高温度降低了17.2 ℃，温差降低了12.1 ℃。采用冷却效果更好的双倒U形冷却通道作为待优化结构，并通过调整冷却液入口温度、流量及加置石墨烯薄膜三种途径进一步降低电池组整体温度及提高温度均匀性。通过优化设计，电池组最高温度降低了32.2%，温差降低了59.2%，局部过热的问题得到了缓解，电池组的可靠性得到提高。

关键词: 锂离子电池组, 液冷式, 双倒U形, 温度均匀性, 可靠性

Abstract:

Lithium-ion batteries have been extensively applied in novel energy vehicles and other fields. Their reliability directly influences vehicle conditions. The lithium-ion battery pack must rely on an efficient thermal management system to guarantee its safe and reliable operation. The liquid cooling system has a good effect on the total temperature regulation of the battery module and the temperature uniformity control. The heat dissipation effects of the serpentine and double inverted U-shaped cooling channels on the battery pack are simulated and compared using the established finite element simulation model of the liquid-cooled lithium-ion battery pack. The maximum temperature of the battery pack is reduced by 17.2 ℃, and the temperature difference is reduced by 12.1 ℃ when twin inverted U-shaped cooling channels are used instead of serpentine cooling channels. The double inverted U-shaped cooling channel with a better cooling effect is used as the structure to be optimized, the overall temperature of the battery pack is reduced, and the temperature uniformity is improved by adjusting the inlet temperature and flow rate of the cooling liquid and adding graphene films. The problem of local overheating has been alleviated, the battery pack's reliability has increased, and the maximum temperature of the battery pack has been reduced by 32.2%. The temperature difference has also been reduced by 59.2%.

Key words: lithium-ion battery pack, liquid cooling, double inverted U shape, temperature uniformity, reliability

中图分类号:

TM 911

刘岩, 肖纯, 伍炜, 王雯静, 万昱. 液冷式锂离子电池组可靠性分析及优化设计[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(11): 3566-3573.

Yan LIU, Chun XIAO, Wei WU, Wenjing WANG, Yu WAN. Reliability analysis and optimization design of liquid-cooled lithium-ion battery pack[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(11): 3566-3573.

图/表 15

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

18650型锂离子电池符号说明及参数"

符号	说明	数值 /mm
$L n$	负电极长度	0.055
$L s$	隔膜长度	0.030
$L p$	正电极长度	0.055
$L b$	电池厚度	0.157
$r b$	电池半径	9
$r m$	心轴半径	2
$d c$	电池罐厚度	0.250
$h b$	电池高度	65

表1

图5

图6

图7

图8

表2

图9

图10

图11

图12

图13

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平均流量/(cm³/s)	T_max/℃	∆T/℃	流体温度/℃	P/Pa	V/(mm/s)
0.05	65.6	16.2	65.2	256.8	22.8
0.10	46.3	12.0	45.8	516	45
0.15	39.5	9.5	39.1	777	66.6
0.20	36.0	7.9	35.6	1042	87.7
0.25	33.9	6.8	33.4	1312	108
0.30	32.4	5.9	32.0	1587	129
0.35	31.4	5.2	30.9	1867	149
0.40	30.6	4.6	30.4	2153	168
0.45	30.1	4.3	29.8	2444	188
0.50	29.7	4.1	29.3	2741	206

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液冷式锂离子电池组可靠性分析及优化设计

Reliability analysis and optimization design of liquid-cooled lithium-ion battery pack

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