极端环境下超级电容器聚合物电解质的研究进展

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0363

储能科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (12): 3808-3818.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0363

极端环境下超级电容器聚合物电解质的研究进展

张秀波¹(), 于畅¹(), 余金河¹, 刘迎宾¹, 谢远洋¹, 王健健¹, 兰淑琴¹, 邱介山²()

^1.大连理工大学化工学院，精细化工国家重点实验室，辽宁省能源材料化工重点实验室，辽宁大连 116024
^2.北京化工大学化学工程学院，石油和化工行业新型碳基功能材料重点实验室，北京 100029

收稿日期:2022-06-29 修回日期:2022-10-18 出版日期:2022-12-05 发布日期:2022-12-29
通讯作者: 于畅,邱介山 E-mail:zxb15179064815@163.com;chang.yu@dlut.edu.cn;qiujs@mail.buct.edu.cn
作者简介:张秀波（1999—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为超级电容器关键材料及器件的研发，E-mail：zxb15179064815@163.com；
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51872035);山东省自然科学基金(05J21040001);大连市高层次人才创新支持计划(2019RJ03)

Recent progress of polymer electrolytes for supercapacitors under extreme environments

Xiubo ZHANG¹(), Chang YU¹(), Jinhe YU¹, Yingbin LIU¹, Yuanyang XIE¹, Jianjian WANG¹, Shuqin LAN¹, Jieshan QIU²()

^1.State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Laboratory for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China
^2.College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2022-06-29 Revised:2022-10-18 Online:2022-12-05 Published:2022-12-29
Contact: Chang YU, Jieshan QIU E-mail:zxb15179064815@163.com;chang.yu@dlut.edu.cn;qiujs@mail.buct.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

超级电容器具有高功率密度、快充放电速率和长循环寿命等优点而备受关注。近年来，随着科学技术的发展，超级电容器的应用场景不断拓宽，超级电容器从可再生能源大规模发电并网、轨道交通等常规领域向着新一代精密电子设备和高精尖军用武器装备等极端工况领域发展。然而，高/低温、高拉伸/压缩等极端工况对超级电容器结构和组成提出了新的挑战和要求。其中，电解质是影响超级电容器的性能、寿命和安全的关键组成之一。聚合物电解质由于具有质量轻、机械稳定性强、柔韧性和安全性高及界面接触良好等特点，为设计构筑新一代高安全性和高柔韧性超级电容器提供了新的可能。本文介绍超级电容器的分类、组成及特点，从高/低温、高拉伸/压缩、高/低湿度角度，重点梳理了极端环境下超级电容器聚合物电解质的研究进展。最后，分析和讨论了超级电容器碳电极及聚合物电解质在极端条件下所面临的挑战和未来的发展方向，为高性能超级电容器的设计和构筑提供可借鉴的新思路。

关键词: 超级电容器, 极端条件, 聚合物电解质

Abstract:

Supercapacitors (SCs) have attracted considerable attention owing to their high power density, fast charge-discharge rate and long cycle life. Recently, with the development of science and technology, the applications of SCs have expanded beyond conventional fields, such as large-scale renewable power generation and distribution and rail transportation, to a new generation of precision electronic devices, high-precision military weapons and equipment, and other fields involving extreme working conditions. The extreme working conditions such as extremely high/low temperatures and high tension/compression have posed new challenges and requirements for the structure and composition of SCs. Among them, the electrolyte is a key component that affects the performance, life, and safety of the SCs. Polymer electrolytes with light weight, strong mechanical stability, high flexibility and safety, and good interfacial contact are ideal candidates for fabricating safe and flexible SCs. This article first introduces the classification, composition, and characteristics of SCs. Then, the research progresses of polymer electrolytes for SCs in extreme environments are reviewed in terms of the impact of high/low temperature, high tensile/compression, and high/low humidity. Finally, the key issues faced in the development of carbon electrodes and polymer electrolytes for SCs under extreme conditions and the future directions of development are analyzed and discussed, which may provide a new impetus to the development and practical application of the SCs.

Key words: supercapacitor, extreme conditions, polymer electrolytes

中图分类号:

TM 53

张秀波, 于畅, 余金河, 刘迎宾, 谢远洋, 王健健, 兰淑琴, 邱介山. 极端环境下超级电容器聚合物电解质的研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(12): 3808-3818.

Xiubo ZHANG, Chang YU, Jinhe YU, Yingbin LIU, Yuanyang XIE, Jianjian WANG, Shuqin LAN, Jieshan QIU. Recent progress of polymer electrolytes for supercapacitors under extreme environments[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(12): 3808-3818.

图/表 5

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极端环境下超级电容器聚合物电解质的研究进展

Recent progress of polymer electrolytes for supercapacitors under extreme environments

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