储能科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (4): 1075-1082.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0688

• 储能材料与器件 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于Bi3+ 过膜缓释策略的在线铋沉积对铁铬液流电池性能的影响

杨基鹏, 叶强()   

  1. 上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院，上海 200240
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-21 修回日期:2022-12-01 出版日期:2023-04-05 发布日期:2023-05-08
  • 通讯作者: 叶强 E-mail:qye@sjtu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:杨基鹏（1997—），男，硕士研究生，从事铁铬液流电池模拟研究；
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51776120)

Effects of electrodeposition of bismuth in an operating iron-chromium redox flow battery base on a strategy of slow release of Bi3+ across the membrane

Jipeng YANG, Qiang YE()   

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
  • Received:2022-11-21 Revised:2022-12-01 Online:2023-04-05 Published:2023-05-08
  • Contact: Qiang YE E-mail:qye@sjtu.edu.cn

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摘要：

大规模、低成本长时电能储存的迫切需求再次激发了人们研究和开发铁铬液流电池的兴趣。降低析氢副反应速率并提高负极电化学反应活性是提高铁铬液流电池系统效率、降低运行成本的关键。负极铋催化剂的在线沉积已被证明是提高负极性能的有效方法，但关于铋载量对电池性能的影响、以及高效均匀的铋沉积策略目前还缺乏系统的认识和深入的研究。本文针对提升催化剂沉积均匀性的难题，首次提出了基于铋离子由正极电解液承载过膜穿透至负极的缓释沉积策略。通过在正极电解液添加不同浓度的BiCl3，研究沉积速率和铋载量对铁铬液流电池性能的影响。研究发现，随着负极铋载量的持续增加，铁铬液流电池的库仑效率也有显著且持续的提高，这归因于电池负极的析氢量有所减少。此外，铋在负极的原位沉积也有助于提高铁铬液流电池的电压效率，表明Cr2+/Cr3+的反应活性增强。在正极电解液内初始铋离子浓度为10 mmol/L的条件下，电池的库仑效率最高提升到97%，电压效率可达90%，相应的循环能量效率达到87%。

关键词: 铁铬液流电池, 铋催化剂, 电化学沉积, 缓释沉积

Abstract:

The urgent need for large-scale, low-cost, and long-term electric energy storage has again aroused people's interest in the research and development of iron-chromium redox flow battery (ICRFB). The efficiency of the ICRFB system can be improved and the operating cost can be reduced by inhibiting the hydrogen evolution side reaction and improving the electrochemical reaction activity of the negative electrode. The deposition of bismuth catalyst is an effective method to improve the performance of the negative electrode. However, there is a lack of systematic understanding and in-depth research on uniform bismuth deposition strategy and the impact of bismuth loading on battery performance. Thus, this paper proposes a slow-release deposition strategy that is realized by dissolving bismuth ions in the positive electrolyte in order to improve the uniformity of catalyst deposition. The ions gradually migrate across the membrane and are deposited on the negative electrode. The effect of deposition rate and loading of bismuth on the performance of an ICRFB was explored by varying the concentration of BiCl3 in the positive electrolyte. Our results show that the continuous deposition of bismuth significantly and continuously improved due to the coulombic efficiency of the ICRFB because of the accompanied reduction in hydrogen evolution. In addition, the in situ deposition of bismuth also helps to improve the voltage efficiency of the ICRFB, indicating an enhanced reaction activity of Cr2+/Cr3+. With an initial 10 mmol/L Bi3+ in the positive electrolyte, the coulombic, voltage, and energy efficiency reach about 97%, 90%, and 87%, respectively.

Key words: iron-chromium redox flow battery, bismuth catalyst, electrochemical deposition, slow release deposition

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