基于模板法制备氧化铝纤维及其石蜡复合相变材料热性能

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0375

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

石蜡是一种高储热密度的有机相变材料，但是热导率低和易泄漏的缺点限制其进一步发展。为提高石蜡的导热和防泄漏性能，本研究以天然纤维为模板制备了具有高导热性的纤维状氧化铝导热填料，通过真空浸渍混合法制备了氧化铝纤维/石蜡复合相变材料，并对其形貌、热导率、相变循环稳定性、防泄漏性能以及热响应性能进行测试。结果表明，随着填料含量的增加，复合相变材料的导热系数近似线性增加。1200 ℃高温烧结形成的α型Al₂O₃比1000 ℃低温烧结γ型Al₂O₃具有更高的导热性能，且α型氧化铝纤维填充量达到45%(质量分数，余同)时，导热系数达到最高值为0.69 W/(m·K)，是纯石蜡的2.9倍。通过对3种不同填充量Al₂O₃纤维进行100次的热循环测试，复合相变材料的相变焓值基本不变，说明了其具有良好的热循环稳定性。同时对复合相变材料的防泄漏性能以及热响应性能进行测试，结果显示30%和45%填料的α型Al₂O₃纤维均具有较好的防泄漏以及快速热响应能力。

关键词: 相变材料, 复合材料, 生物模板, 储热, 传热

Abstract:

Paraffin wax is an organic phase-change material with high heat storage density, but its low thermal conductivity and easy leakage limit its further development. To improve the thermal conductivity and anti-leakage properties of a paraffin phase-change material (PCM), Al₂O₃ fibers as the thermal conductive fillers were synthesized via a template method using natural fibers. The composite PCM was synthesized using a simple vacuum impregnation method. The microstructure, thermal conductivity, phase-change cycle stability, anti-leakage performance, and thermal response performance of Al₂O₃ fibers/paraffin PCMs were evaluated. The results show that the thermal conductivity increased linearly with the Al₂O₃fiber content. Particularly, the α-Al₂O₃ produced via sintering at a high temperature of 1200 ?℃ exhibited higher thermal conductivity than the γ-Al₂O₃. When the mass ratio of α-Al₂O₃ reached 45% (mass), the thermal conductivity increased to 0.69 W/(m·K), which was 290% compared to pure paraffin. After 100 thermal cyclic tests, the phase-change enthalpy of the Al₂O₃ fibers/paraffin PCMs remained almost unchanged, indicating that the composite had good cycle stability. As the result of the leakage and thermal response tests, the composites filled to 30% and 45% also showed, good shape stability and heat transfer property. This will promote their practical application in thermal energy storage.

Key words: phase-change material, composites, biotemplating, heat storage, heat transfer

中图分类号:

TK 02

郭云琪, 盛楠, 朱春宇, 饶中浩. 基于模板法制备氧化铝纤维及其石蜡复合相变材料热性能[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(2): 511-520.

Yunqi GUO, Nan SHENG, Chunyu ZHU, Zhonghao RAO. Preparation of Al₂O₃ fibers using a template method， and the investigation of the thermal properties of paraffin phase-change composite[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(2): 511-520.

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样品	循环次数	融化过程		凝固过程
样品	循环次数	T_mp/℃	ΔH_m/(J/g)	T_sp/℃	ΔH_s/(J/g)
S20-1200-PW15	10	55.3	179.7	50.7	175.3
	30	55.3	182.1	50.6	176.9
	50	55.3	180.0	50.7	177.0
	100	55.3	180. 5	50.7	177.6
S20-1200-PW30	10	54.5	112.1	49.8	110.1
	30	54.5	112.4	49.8	110.2
	50	54.5	112.0	49.8	110.0
	100	54.5	112.0	50.9	109.6
S20-1200-PW45	10	53.8	95.0	49.8	94.5
	30	54.1	95.9	49.7	95.1
	50	54.1	96.3	49.8	95.1
	100	53.7	95.8	49.7	95.1
纯石蜡	1	56.1	192.0	50.7	191.4

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