锂电池石墨复合电极力-电耦合性能原位测量分析

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1149

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

石墨是目前锂电池最常用的负极材料之一，其电化学-力学耦合性能对于锂电池的结构稳定性和循环寿命非常重要。研究通过开发原位测量手段对复合石墨电极电化学循环过程中的力-电耦合性能进行测试，同时开发物理模型，用于分析石墨复合电极曲率、杨氏模量、应变和偏摩尔体积的演化规律，探究对电池寿命性能的影响。研究结果表明，随着锂化过程的进行，石墨电极的弹性模量逐渐增大，表现出硬化趋势，且偏摩尔体积随锂浓度呈阶段性变化。不同厚度的集流体对电极内部的应力、应变有显著影响，较厚的集流体在抑制活性层应变方面效果更显著。同时随着循环次数增加，电极活性层中的应力和应变峰值在第三次循环达到最大，且各循环演变趋势趋于相同。本研究系统性地揭示了石墨负极在电化学反应过程中的力学响应特征及其力学性能的演变规律，为深入理解锂离子电池电极的力学行为提供了参考。

关键词: 石墨复合电极, 模量, 偏摩尔体积, 锂离子电池

Abstract:

Graphite is currently one of the most widely used anode materials in lithium batteries, and its electrochemical-mechanical coupling performance is crucial for the structural stability and cycling lifespan of lithium batteries. This study employed in situ measurements to investigate the evolution of the electromechanical coupling performance of composite graphite electrodes during electrochemical cycling. A physical model was also developed to analyze the evolution of the curvature, Young's modulus, strain, and partial molar volume of the composite graphite electrodes. The results show that, the elastic modulus of the graphite electrode increases progressively with the progression of lithiation, indicating a hardening behavior, while the partial molar volume undergoes phase changes that correspond to the charge state. Current collectors of different thicknesses significantly affect the stress and strain within the electrode. A thicker current collector provides more pronounced mitigation of the strain in the active layer. The peak stress and strain in the active layer of the electrode reach their maxima during the third electrochemical cycle, and the evolutionary trends of each cycle tend to converge. This work reveals the systematic mechanical-response characteristics and the evolution of the mechanical properties of graphite electrodes during the electrochemical reaction process, providing significant theoretical support for a deeper understanding of the mechanical behavior of lithium-ion battery electrodes.

Key words: graphite composite electrode, modulus, partial molar volume, lithium-ion battery

中图分类号:

TM 911

刘佳辉, 卞伟翔, 李大伟. 锂电池石墨复合电极力-电耦合性能原位测量分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(6): 2240-2247.

Jiahui LIU, Weixiang BIAN, Dawei LI. In situ measurement and analysis of the electromechanical coupling performance of composite graphite electrodes in lithium batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(6): 2240-2247.

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