Review on advanced preparation methods and energy storage mechanism of MXenes as energy storage materials

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0464

Abstract

Abstract:

The growing family of MXenes, i.e., layered transition metal carbides and/or nitrides, has become an important candidate of electrode materials for new-concept energy storage devices due to their unique properties. Presently, the most widely studied MXenes material is Ti₃C₂T _x, which was etched from the MAX phase ceramic material Ti₃AlC₂ by the Gogotsi team of Drexel University. Herein, proceeding from our exploration of the lithium storage performance of Ti₃C₂T _x /SnO₂, the novel preparation methods of MXenes with different microstructures were reviewed. Afterward, several main energy storage mechanisms of MXenes were discussed. The literature showed that two-dimensional MXenes with accordion or clay-like structures are mainly prepared with HF or LiF + HCl as etchants. Reducing the stack of 2D nanosheets and forming an alternate alignment structure effectively improves the electrochemical performance of 2D MXenes. Meanwhile, the template method is mainly used to prepare three-dimensional MXenes and their composites. In addition to inhibiting the accumulation of nanosheets, 3D MXenes have abundant micron channels, which is beneficial to the diffusion of electrolytes and the transport of carriers. Coupled with their excellent electrical conductivity (≈10⁵ S/cm), low lithium-ion diffusion energy barrier, and unique metal ion adsorption characteristics, we believe that 3D MXenes have great potential to become an ideal active material or electrode of secondary batteries. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of MXenes' series energy storage materials were presented.

Key words: MXenes, 2D materials, preparation, energy storage mechanism

CLC Number:

TM 912

Zan DUAN, Lingfang LI, Penghui LIU, Dongfang XIAO. Review on advanced preparation methods and energy storage mechanism of MXenes as energy storage materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(3): 982-990.

Figures/Tables 4

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