Research progress on flame-retardant modification of shape-stabilized organic phase-change thermal-storage materials

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0522

Abstract

Abstract:

Shape-stabilized organic phase-change materials have the advantages of low undercooling, low phase segregation, and good chemical stability, with wide application prospects in building-energy saving, battery thermal management, and aviation thermal protection. However, these materials are usually flammable, a property that seriously affects their application safety. Therefore, the flame-retardant properties of such shape-stabilized organic phase-change materials must be studied urgently. This study provides a brief overview on the classification of phase-change materials, the types of flame retardants that can be used, and the flame retardancy mechanisms. In addition, the study details the preparation methods and types of commonly used flame-retardant composites. The effects of various flame retardants on the thermal safety performance of shape-stabilized phase-change heat-storage materials are analyzed based on limiting oxygen index, total heat release rate, and peak heat release rate. In conclusion, the strategies of adding synergistic flame retardants and the chemical modification of phase-change materials are proposed to further enhance the flame retardancy of phase-change materials. The findings of this study are expected to promote the expansion of the application field of shape-stabilized phase-change materials, improve the safety of phase-change energy-storage systems, and help build a safer, environmentally friendly, and efficient energy storage and utilization system

Key words: organic phase change material, flammability, flame retardant, shape stabilized, thermal reliability

CLC Number:

T 19

Diling ZHANG, Xiang WANG, Haojie LI, Yuqian LIU, Yun HUANG, Ningzhong BAO. Research progress on flame-retardant modification of shape-stabilized organic phase-change thermal-storage materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(12): 3836-3851.

Figures/Tables 12

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相变过程	相变潜热	体积变化	特点
固-固相变	小	很小	固体晶体状态改变，固体不发生液化流动
固-液相变	大	小	相变后液相发生流动
液-气相变	很大	很大	气体体积大、收集困难
固-气相变	很大	很大	气体体积大、收集困难

物质	熔点/℃	潜热/(kJ/kg)	比热容/[kJ/(kg·℃)]
石蜡C₁₃～C₂₄	22～24	189	0.210
石蜡C₁₈	28	244	0.148
石蜡C₁₉	32	222	—
石蜡C₁₆～C₂₈	42～44	189	0.210
石蜡C₂₀～C₃₃	48～50	189	0.210
癸酸	32	152.7	0.153
月桂酸	42～44	178	0.147
棕榈酸	63	187	0.162
硬脂酸	69	202.5	0.172
棕榈酸丙酯	10	186	—
新戊二醇	44	117	—
季戊四醇	189	210	—
聚乙二醇	66	190	—

物质	熔点/℃	潜热/(kJ/kg)	比热容/[kJ/(kg·K)]
聚乙二醇	8	99.6	0.1870
聚乙二醇E600	22	127.2	0.1897
聚乙二醇E1000	35～44	—	—
聚乙二醇E10000	55～66	—	—
聚乙二醇E6000	66	190.0	—

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