Refined thermal design optimization of energy storage battery system based on battery box openings

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0580

Abstract

Abstract:

This study addresses the issue of neglecting the impact of internal battery cell structures on the thermal performance of energy storage battery systems in current thermal management simulation studies. This study introduces a refined thermal design concept, proposing a temperature uniformity distribution approach based on perforations in the battery pack enclosure. This study utilizes computational fluid dynamics simulation methodology to comprehensively assess the influence of perforation sizes and quantities on battery thermal performance. Subsequently, optimized designs for the battery enclosure are selected. The research findings reveal that, in optimizing individual battery enclosures, superior performance is achieved by introducing perforations on the lateral walls rather than the upper surface. This advantageous strategy reduces the temperature difference within a single battery from a prior 6.01 to 3.68 K, resulting in a substantial 28.2% decrease and effectively meeting the heat dissipation requirements of the battery. Moreover, at the scale of the entire battery stack, the implementation of lateral wall perforations leads to a substantial reduction in the maximum temperature difference within a single column of battery cells from 7.66 K to 4.32 K, representing an impressive enhancement of 43.6%. Through a coupled thermal analysis of the external air ducts and the internal structure of the battery pack, this study provides valuable insights for future thermal management strategies in energy storage battery systems.

Key words: energy storage battery, temperature difference, opening pore, heat dissipation, battery cell

CLC Number:

TM 912

Xintian XU, Bixiao ZHANG, Xinlong ZHU, Kaijie YANG. Refined thermal design optimization of energy storage battery system based on battery box openings[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(2): 515-525.

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物体	初始温度/K	密度/(kg/m³)	比热容/[J/(kg·K)]	导热系数/[W/(m·K)]	体热源/(W/m³)	动力黏度/[kg/(m·s)]
电池	298.15	2405	1329	[x,y,z]=[3.72,26,28]	12500.7	—
冷却空气	298.15	1.184	1003	0.0242	—	1.98×10^-5

参数	实验值	仿真值
热流密度/(W/m³)	—	12500.7
终温/K	305.31	305.56

孔数	孔径				初始方案
孔数	10 mm	20 mm	30 mm	40 mm	初始方案
1孔	3.99 K	3.99 K	3.83 K	4.21 K	6.01 K
2孔	4.01 K	4.37 K	4.36 K	4.67 K
4孔	3.85 K	4.03 K	5.29 K	5.08 K

孔数	孔径				初始方案
孔数	10 mm	20 mm	30 mm	40 mm	初始方案
1孔	3.69 K	4.38 K	3.68 K	4.22 K	6.01 K
2孔	3.89 K	4.22 K	4.45 K	3.98 K
4孔	3.72 K	3.99 K	4.37 K	5.01 K

参数	初始方案	优化方案
最高温度/K	308.41	304.76
温差/K	7.66	4.32