Research on circumferential nonuniform distribution of axial turbine guide vanes with radial chamber

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0606

Abstract

Abstract:

The radial chamber structure of a turbine in a compressed air energy storage (CAES) system leads to circumferential nonuniformity of the airflow at the guide vane inlet, resulting in the degradation of turbine performance. This paper presents a numerical simulation of a single-stage axial turbine coupled with a radial inlet chamber in a CAES system and examines the impact mechanism of the nonuniform distribution of the guide vane circumferential direction on the turbine efficiency and its internal flow field. A large number of sampling schemes are obtained by the Latin hypercube sampling method, while dynamic updating and simulation of the 3D model and mesh are achieved by parametric processing and software interaction, facilitating the automated simulation of the entire process when the nonuniform guide vane is circumferentially arranged by the sinusoidal modulation function. The results indicated that when the difference between the circumferential angle of the adjacent guide vanes and the uniform distribution angle is less than 10%, the overall performance parameters, such as turbine isentropic efficiency, expansion ratio, and mass flow rate, vary by less than 0.1% compared with the initial uniform distribution scheme. If the difference between the circumferential angle of the adjacent guide vanes and the uniform distribution angle exceeds 15%, it will have an obvious negative impact on the internal flow field of the turbine. This discrepancy will lead to an increased pressure loss of the guide vane section, a decrease in the expansion ratio, an increase in the mass flow rate, and a downward trend in the isentropic efficiency, with a maximum decrease of about 1%.

Key words: compressed air energy storage, axial turbine, radial chamber, uneven inlet guide vane, automated simulation

CLC Number:

TH 45

Bin XU, Yangli ZHU, Xing WANG, Jun XIONG, Xianchao PAN, Yujie XU, Haisheng CHEN. Research on circumferential nonuniform distribution of axial turbine guide vanes with radial chamber[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(1): 203-218.

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设计参数	数值
导叶	26
动叶	44
转速n/(r/min)	17000
质量流量m/(kg/s)	34.5
转子叶顶间隙/mm	0.5

位置	参数	数值
入口	总压p^*_in/kPa	2665
	总温T^*_in/K	366
	湍流度	5%
出口	静压p_out/kPa	904
壁面	无滑移条件、绝热	—

气动参数	实验	数值模拟	相对误差
出口总压p^*_out/kPa	979.55	974.96	0.04%
出口总温T^*_out/K	285.47	283.91	0.50%
等熵效率η_tt/%	85.59	88.85	3.26%

气动参数	带进气腔室轴流透平	不带进气腔室轴流透平
入口总压p^*_in/kPa	2665	2645
入口总温T^*_in/K	366	366
总膨胀比π_tt	2.73	2.73
等熵效率η_tt/%	88.85	89.74

参数	C1	C2	C3
A/(°)	—	0.18	4.30
σ/%	—	1.30	31.06
i	—	1	1
φ/(°)	—	64.80	40.10
等熵效率η_tt/%	88.85	88.91(0.06↑)	87.90(0.95↓)
总膨胀比π_tt	2.73	2.73	2.71
质量流量m/(kg/s)	34.53	34.55	35.17