Research progress of carbon-based sodium-storage anode materials

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4239.2016.03.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Because of the natural abundance, low cost and environmental friendliness of sodium, sodium-ion battery has been considered as the most likely alternative of lithium-ion battery for large-scale energy storage applications. The electrochemical performance of a sodium-ion battery depends mainly on its positive and negative sodium storage materials, and the negative one is even a more important component. Among the negative materials currently studied, carbon-based ones have been considered as the most promising candidates because of their advantages of abundant resources, low sodium embedded platform and good cycle stability. This paper reviews the Na-storage behavior and research progress of graphite, graphene, soft carbon and hard carbon, and investigates the correlation between Na-storage performance and micro-structure, and reveals the application advantages of the hard carbon as the most promising carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries. This paper also discusses two controversial Na-storage mechanisms of hard carbon, which are intercalation-absorption and absorption-intercalation respectively, and prospects the future development of hard carbon for sodium ion storage.

Key words: sodium ion batteries, anode, hard carbon, Na-storage mechanisms

QIU Shen, WU Xianyong, LU Haiyan, AI Xinping, YANG Hanxi, CAO Yuliang. Research progress of carbon-based sodium-storage anode materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2016, 5(3): 258-267.

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