Numerical simulation of a novel radial all-vanadium flow battery cell

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0093

Abstract

Abstract:

All-vanadium redox flow batteries are widely used in the field of large-scale energy storage because of their freedom of location, high efficiency, long life, and high safety. The existing battery, on the other hand, has a single structure and cannot meet the needs of the rapidly developing energy storage field. A numerical simulation method is used to establish a mathematical and physical model for the coupling of electrochemical reactions and heat and mass transfer inside the battery cell to achieve the new radial flow all-vanadium flow battery cells. The distribution law of multi-physics coupling transport characteristics is obtained for different inlet quantities. Ion concentration field, electrolyte velocity field, voltage drop, and electric potential distribution law are all included. The results show that optimizing the number of electrolyte inlets can effectively improve electrolyte transport performance in porous electrodes, improve the uniformity of the ion concentration distribution in porous electrodes, weaken ion concentration polarization, increase the electrode potential, and enhance the battery performance. Simultaneously, the electrolyte distribution channel is set at the electrolyte flow inlet, thereby effectively reducing electrolyte flow resistance, improving electrolyte distribution uniformity, and improving battery performance. The simulation research results can be used to optimize the design of a flow battery.

Key words: all-vanadium flow battery, radial flow all-vanadium flow battery, electrochemical energy storage, heat and mass transfer, numerical simulation

CLC Number:

TK 02

Mengyao QI, Yichen HOU, Lei CHEN, Lijun YANG. Numerical simulation of a novel radial all-vanadium flow battery cell[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(10): 3209-3220.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig. 1

Table 1

Table 2

Fig. 2

Table 3

Table 4

Performance design parameters"

参数	符号	数值	单位	来源
孔隙率	ε_p	0.929	—	文献[20]
比表面积	a	1.62×10⁴	m^-1	文献[20]
碳纤维直径	d_p	1.76×10^-5	m	文献[20]
电导率	σ_s	1000	S/m	文献[21]
科泽尼-卡尔曼常数	k_CK	4.28	—	文献[21]
黏度	Μ	4.928×10^-3	Pa·s	文献[21]
钒离子初始浓度	c_V	1500	mol/m³	文献[21]
负极初始质子浓度	c_{H_0_neg}	4500	mol/m³	文献[21]
阴极传递系数	α_c	0.5	—	文献[21]
阳极传递系数	α_a	0.5	—	文献[21]
V²⁺的扩散系数	$D V 2 +$	2.4×10^-10	m²/s	文献[22]
V³⁺的扩散系数	$D V 3 +$	2.4×10^-10	m²/s	文献[22]
水初始浓度	c_H2O	46500	mol/m³	文献[23]
负极标准反应速率常数	k_{_neg}	1.7×10^-7	m/s	文献[24]
标准平衡电位	E_eq	-0.255	V	文献[25]

Table 4

Table 5

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

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参数	符号	数值	单位
电极厚度	δ	3.5	mm
入口横截面积	S_in	17.5	mm²
径向电极内半径	r	10	mm
径向电极外半径	R	112.5	mm

源	负极	项
S_i	V²⁺	aj/F
	V³⁺	-aj/F
S_φ	φ_s	aj
	φ_l	-aj

参数	符号	数值	单位
温度	T	298	K
入口电解液流量	U	663.6	mL/min
出口压力	p_out	0	Pa
外加电流密度	I	160	mA/cm²
荷电状态	SOC	80	%

网格单元数	V³⁺平均浓度/(mol/m³)
42556	259.6
61893	263.2
86532	265.8

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