Research progress of energy storage technology in China in 2021

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0105

Energy Storage Science and Technology ›› 2022, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (3): 1052-1076.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0105

Research progress of energy storage technology in China in 2021

Haisheng CHEN¹(), Hong LI²(), Wentao MA³, Yujie XU¹(), Zhifeng WANG⁴(), Man CHEN⁵(), Dongxu HU^1,⁶(), Xianfeng LI⁷(), Xisheng TANG⁴(), Yongsheng HU²(), Yanwei MA⁴(), Kai JIANG⁸(), Hao QIAN⁹(), Qingsong WANG¹⁰(), Liang WANG¹, Xinjing ZHANG¹, Xing WANG¹, Dehou XU¹¹, Xuezhi ZHOU¹, Wei LIU¹², Xianzhang WU¹³, Donglin WANG¹⁴, Qinggang HE¹⁵, Zifeng MA¹⁶, Yaxiang LU², Xuesong ZHANG⁴, Quan LI², Liumin SUO², Huan GUO¹, Zhenhua YU¹², Wenxin MEI¹⁰, Peng QIN¹⁰

^1.Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^2.Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^3.Burea of Major R&D Programs Chinese Academy of Scicences, Beijing 100864, China
^4.Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^5.China Southern Power Grid, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
^6.Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
^7.Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
^8.Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
^9.Beijing Hyper Strong Technology Co. Ltd. , Beijing 10094, China
^10.State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
^11.National Energy Large Scale Physical Energy Storage Technologies R&D Center of Bijie High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Bijie 551712, Guizhou, China
^12.CNESA, Beijing 100190, China
^13.Zhejiang Narada Co. Ltd. , Lin'an 310030, Zhejiang, China
^14.Sungrow Co. Ltd. , Hefei 230088, Anhui, China
^15.College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
^16.Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Received:2022-02-26 Online:2022-03-05 Published:2022-03-11
Contact: Haisheng CHEN,Hong LI,Wentao MA,Yujie XU,Zhifeng WANG,Man CHEN,Dongxu HU,Xianfeng LI,Xisheng TANG,Yongsheng HU,Yanwei MA,Kai JIANG,Hao QIAN,Qingsong WANG E-mail:chen_hs@mail.etp.ac.cn;hli@iphy.ac.cn;xuyujie@iet.cn;Zhifeng@vip.sina.com;13926159826@139.com;@139.com;hudongxu@iet.cn;lixianfeng@dicp.ac.cn;tang@mail.iee.ac.cn;yshu@aphy.iphy.ac.cn;ywma@mail.iee.ac.cn;kjiang@hust.edu.cn;qianhhao@hyperstrong.com.cn;pinew@ustc.edu.cn

Abstract

Abstract:

Research and development progress on energy storage technologies of China in 2021 is reviewed in this paper. By reviewing and analyzing three aspects of research and development including fundamental study, technical research, integration and demonstration, the progress on major energy storage technologies is summarized including hydro pumped energy storage, compressed air energy storage, flywheel, lead battery, lithium-ion battery, flow battery, sodium-ion battery, supercapacitor, new technologies, integration technology, fire-control and safety technology. The results indicate that extensive improvements of China's energy storage technologies have been achieved during 2021 in terms of all the three aspects. China is now the most active country in energy storage fundamental study and also one of the core countries of technical research and demonstration.

Key words: energy storage, technology, progress

CLC Number:

TK 02

Haisheng CHEN, Hong LI, Wentao MA, Yujie XU, Zhifeng WANG, Man CHEN, Dongxu HU, Xianfeng LI, Xisheng TANG, Yongsheng HU, Yanwei MA, Kai JIANG, Hao QIAN, Qingsong WANG, Liang WANG, Xinjing ZHANG, Xing WANG, Dehou XU, Xuezhi ZHOU, Wei LIU, Xianzhang WU, Donglin WANG, Qinggang HE, Zifeng MA, Yaxiang LU, Xuesong ZHANG, Quan LI, Liumin SUO, Huan GUO, Zhenhua YU, Wenxin MEI, Peng QIN. Research progress of energy storage technology in China in 2021[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(3): 1052-1076.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 1

Progress on energy storage technology and demonstration of China in 2021"

序号	技术类型	关键技术进展	集成示范进展
1	抽水蓄能	①大型抽水蓄能电站工程建设技术，国产盾构机抽水蓄能项目推广应用。②国内单机最大400 MW/700米水头抽水蓄能机组设计制造安装技术。③电动发电机分数极路比绕组技术在国内首次成功应用。④10 MW可变速海水抽水蓄能机组关键技术	①400 MW/700米级超高水头、高转速、大容量抽水蓄能机组。②首例高转速“零配重”抽水蓄能机组。③世界首条800米水头级的钢筋混凝土衬砌水道。④世界装机容量最大的抽水蓄能电站
2	压缩空气储能	①突破10 MW级六级间冷离心式压缩机、四级再热组合式透平膨胀级、高效超临界蓄热换热器等关键技术。②突破100 MW级宽工况组合式压缩机技术、高负荷轴流式膨胀机技术、高效蓄热换热器技术，以及系统集成与控制技术	①山东肥城国际首套10 MW盐穴先进压缩空气储能商业示范电站并网发电。②贵州毕节10 MW集气装置储气的压缩空气储能电站并网发电。③江苏金坛建设了60 MW盐穴压缩空气储能示范项目开展并网试验。④河北张家口市际首套100 MW先进压缩空气储能国家示范项目开展并网带电调试
3	储热储冷	①1100 ℃的储热陶瓷颗粒材料、700 ℃氯化物熔盐储热材料、复合相变、定形相变和仿生相变储热材料、Co₃O₄/CoO等金属氧化物反应物体系和钙基热化学储热材料等。②大容量长周期跨季节储热技术、储热储冷传热强化与材料改性技术、高效动态冰浆蓄冷技术。③系统控制与优化技术等	①采用熔盐储热的50 MW线性菲涅尔式太阳能热发电站和50 MW熔盐塔式光热发电。②张家口建成水体储热的太阳能储热采暖项目、亚临界水蓄热系统以及水合盐相变材料为冬奥会转播中心供暖。④北京实现三联供系统耦合冰蓄冷系统，基于相变材料的冷链运输技术已获得应用等
4	飞轮储能	①500 kW/180 MJ大容量飞轮本体。②300 kW级2万转高速电机技术。③飞轮储能的双馈电机励磁控制技术	①单机600 kW全磁悬浮飞轮储能系统下线。②霍林河1 MW飞轮储能系统交付。③阜新风电场站一次调频和惯量响应的飞轮储能通过并网前验收。④宁夏22 MW光火储耦合飞轮储能项目开工
5	铅蓄电池	①高电化学活性和铅炭兼容的新型炭材料。②宽温区、超长寿命、高能量转换效率、低成本的铅炭储能电池。③高电压大容量系统集成技术	①中国铁塔和中国联通分别采购1.097和1.089 GW·h铅酸铅炭电池。②2020年并网的雉城(金陵变)12 MW/48 MW·h铅炭储能项目正式运行
6	锂离子电池	①高镍正极材料。②纳米硅碳负极材料、③原位固态化锂电池技术、④混合固液电解质锂离子储能电池技术	①晋江36 MW/108 MW·h锂补偿磷酸铁锂储能系统实现示范应用。②无模组技术与刀片电池技术的推广应用。③提出锂离子和钠离子电池集成解决方案，以及三元正极与磷酸铁锂电芯混合排布的双体系电池系统等
7	液流电池	①可焊接全钒液流电池技术。②50 kW全钒液流电池大功率电堆技术。③锌基液流电池和铁铬液流电池新技术	①10 MW/40 MW·h网源友好型风场项目投运②全球首个光伏储能户外实证实验平台全钒液流电池储能系统交付③大连200 MW/800 MW·h全钒液流电池储能调峰电站一期工程完成主体工程建设
8	钠离子电池	①正负极材料制备放大技术。②电解液/隔膜体系优选技术。③高安全、高倍率和宽温电芯设计制造技术④电池的安全性设计与评价技术。⑤电池大规模筛选及成组技术等	①全球首套1 MW·h钠离子电池光储充智能微网示范系统投入运行。②宁德时代钠离子电池产品的发布
9	超级电容器	①木质活性炭材料功能化定向调控技术。②物理沉积铝-氧化去除模板-梯度退火的泡沫铝制备技术。③负极预嵌锂技术等	①国内首套变电站超级电容微储能装置投运。②国内首个直流微网的超级电容器储能系统实现应用。③超级电容器在新能源交通领域取得了多个示范应用
10	储能新技术	①液态金属大容量电池界面稳定调控技术、表面陶瓷金属梯度化设计工艺、双等效电路融合模型、5.5 kW·h的电池组模型。②铝离子电池正极材料、锌离子负极材料等。③水系电池新型纳米结构正极材料、电解液添加剂、新型盐包水结构和水/有机共溶剂结构等	—
11	集成技术	①智能诊断技术②电池系统和PCS进行深度一体化设计技术。③高效智能温控技术和液冷技术	①高效的智能能量管理及大数据运维管理技术在海阳高能量密度1500 V磷酸铁锂储能电站得到应用。②“防护消泄”四重集成设计在乌兰察布电网友好绿色电站示范项目中应用
12	消防安全技术	①单一式热管理系统的优化和混合式热管理技术。②基于机器学习的优化预警方法和分级预警策略③间歇喷雾优化模式，新型绝缘灭火剂如全氟己酮、液氮等	多信息融合的监测预警技术和全氟己酮程控喷射技术示范应用

Table 1

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Research progress of energy storage technology in China in 2021

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