Electrochemical energy storage participation in primary frequency regulation control strategy considering frequency characteristics and energy storage battery state

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0281

Abstract

Abstract:

Herein, the control model of an energy storage power plant participating in the primary frequency regulation of a power system is analyzed to address the frequency fluctuation problem of a new energy-rich power system and the inconsistent lithium battery state inside the energy storage power plant. The virtual sag and inertia control modes of the electrochemical energy storage for different frequency variation characteristics are investigated. An adaptive regulation method of the energy storage control mode is then proposed based on frequency characteristics and fuzzy control. In relation to this, the energy storage units are grouped by SOH size to suppress the differentiation of the battery health state (i.e., state of health (SOH)) of each energy storage unit. Next, a method of allocating the power output of the energy storage participation in the primary frequency regulation based on the state of charge and the SOH of each battery pack is suggested. Consequently, an integrated control strategy for the electrochemical energy storage participation in the primary frequency regulation considering frequency characteristics and the state of the energy storage cells is presented. The system model is built under the step load and continuous load perturbation conditions. The effectiveness of the integrated control strategy of the electrochemical energy storage in the primary frequency regulation considering the frequency characteristics and the energy storage battery state is verified through a simulation. In terms of battery group state, the proposed strategy can reduce the action depth of energy storage units with a poor SOH, improve the SOH consistency of each energy storage unit battery, and increase the overall service life of an energy storage power plant battery.

Key words: energy storage battery, primary frequency regulation, power distribution, charging state

CLC Number:

TK 02

Yu CAO, Tong JIANG, Chi LIU, Yong YANG, Wenfei LIU, Wenying LIU. Electrochemical energy storage participation in primary frequency regulation control strategy considering frequency characteristics and energy storage battery state[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(10): 3120-3130.

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dΔf/dt	Δf
dΔf/dt	NB	NM	NS	Z	PS	PM	PB
NB	VL	L	M	M	M	L	VL
NM	VL	L	M	S	M	L	VL
NS	VL	M	M	Z	Z	S	VL
Z	VL	S	Z	Z	Z	S	VL
PS	VL	S	Z	Z	M	M	VL
PM	VL	L	M	S	M	L	VL
PB	VL	L	M	M	M	L	VL

dΔf/dt	Δf
dΔf/dt	NB	NM	NS	Z	PS	PM	PB
NB	VL	VL	VL	VL	NM	NM	NM
NM	L	L	M	M	NS	NS	NM
NS	M	M	M	S	Z	NS	NS
Z	Z	Z	Z	Z	Z	Z	Z
PS	NS	NS	Z	S	M	M	M
PM	NM	NS	NS	M	M	L	L
PB	NM	NM	NM	VL	VL	VL	VL

参数名	数值
T_G/s	0.08
T_CH/s	0.3
T_RH/s	10
F_HP/s	0.5
K_g	20
H/s	10
D	1
T_b/s	0.1
M_b	6
K_b	4
SOC_min	0.1
SOC_max	0.9
SOC_low	0.2
SOC_high	0.8
传统机组调频死区/Hz	±0.033
储能调频死区/Hz	±0.02

电池组	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	Ⅳ	整体
SOH	0.86	0.88	0.92	0.94	0.9
初始SOC	0.65	0.55	0.55	0.65	0.6

控制策略	Δf_max/Hz	Δf_s/Hz	t_m/s
本文控制策略	-0.461	-0.260	3.414
直接切换控制策略	-0.509	-0.272	3.758
仅下垂控制	-0.520	-0.291	4.120
无储能参与调频	-0.555	-0.317	4.501