Optimized operation of energy storage in distribution networks under carbon flow control

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0431

Abstract

Abstract:

With the advancement of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals and the evolution of new power systems, the carbon market and energy storage systems have become essential components in enhancing the economic and low-carbon performance of distribution networks. This study establishes an optimized operation model for distribution networks integrated with energy storage, considering the dynamics of the carbon trading market. The model employs carbon emission flow theory to analyze node carbon potential within the power topology network, constructing a framework for calculating the internal carbon flow and carbon potential of storage systems, taking into account charging and discharging efficiencies. The Shapley value method, which evaluates individual marginal benefits, is utilized to allocate carbon emission responsibilities on the user side. Simulation results from an IEEE-33 node distribution network reveal that user-side carbon emission responsibilities are significantly influenced by load scale and location. The Shapley value method proves effective and equitable in managing carbon responsibility allocation. Under conditions ensuring reliable grid operation, a distribution network system equipped with energy storage and a tiered carbon pricing mechanism can achieve a 10.7% reduction in overall regional carbon emissions, an 8.2% increase in profits for distribution network operators, and a 5.7% reduction in user carbon costs. This research highlights the pivotal role of energy storage systems in optimizing operations and reducing emissions in high-renewable energy distribution networks, offering both theoretical and practical support for the future low-carbon and economically efficient operation of power grids.

Key words: energy storage system, low-carbon grid, carbon emission flow, cooperative games, carbon emissions liability sharing

CLC Number:

TM 732

Jie SHI, Yingzhi PENG, Weiqing SUN. Optimized operation of energy storage in distribution networks under carbon flow control[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(11): 3971-3980.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 1

Parameter values"

参数	取值	参数	取值
T	24 h	$τ$	1 h
SOC_max	0.95	SOC_min	0.1
SOC₀	0.35	e^ESS	1 MWh
S^ESS	1.2 MVA	$η R D G$	80 USD/MWh
p_Deg	90 USD/MWh	$P m a x E S S$	0.4 MW
$Q m a x E S S$	0.3 Mvar	$η c h$	0.9
$η d i s$	0.9	y	10
r	0.05	$I E S S$	323 USD/kWh
$ρ i R D G$	0

Table 1

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Table 2

Fig. 5

Table 3

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

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子联盟	碳排放量/(kg CO₂/h)	子联盟	碳排放量/(kg CO₂/h)
{A}	938.462	{B}	243.351
{C}	76.755	{AB}	1125.632
{AC}	1008.527	{BC}	320.563
{ABC}	1230.956	—	—

案例	运营商利润 /USD	用户总成本 /USD	碳排放总量/kg	用户碳成本 /USD
1	14084.76	18180.27	22240	0
2	14990.88	18689.62	20374	407.4809
3	15246.38	18564.52	19863	384.2556

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