Study on fire-extinguishing performance of hydrogel on lithium-iron-phosphate batteries

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0279

Abstract

Abstract:

Water-based fire-extinguishing agents are used to extinguish lithium-battery fires with high specific-heat capacity and strong isolation. However, the water retention and adhesion capacity of traditional water extinguishing agents need to be improved. A hydrogel complex fire-extinguishing agent prepared by mixing Carboxymethyl Cellulose with AlCl₃ can solve this problem. Temperature-sensitivity studies show that the gel molecules exhibit strong water retention and adhesion, giving the agent good fluidity at low temperatures and enough viscosity at high temperatures. This phenomenon increases the overall cooling effect of lithium batteries. To explore the fire-extinguishing effect of hydrogel agents, we conducted a combustion experiment on lithium-ion battery (LIB) packs. In this study, the fire-extinguishing effect of the hydrogel agent was evaluated by analyzing the flame image, flame height, and battery temperature in cases where the hydrogel agent was used and when it was not used. The results show that the temperature of the battery packs reduced below 200 ℃ after spraying. The hydrogel agent has a certain restrictive effect on the jet flame and can hinder the heat transfer between multiple batteries; after the use of the hydrogel agent, the batteries did not reignite, indicating that the hydrogel has a good fire-extinguishing effect on LIB fire.

Key words: lithium batteries, hydrogels, fire, thermal runaway

CLC Number:

X 932

Jianxin LU, Ying ZHANG, Chuyuan MA, Kang DENG, Chunying LEI. Study on fire-extinguishing performance of hydrogel on lithium-iron-phosphate batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(8): 2637-2644.

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时间	事故描述	造成后果
2019年4月21日	上海徐汇区，特斯拉电池热失控导致燃烧	造成旁边数辆汽车引燃
2020年8月20日	福建省三明市，电动汽车充电时发生爆炸	引起充电桩烧毁，造成2人轻伤
2021年5月10日	四川成都成华区，电动自行车起火	导致5人受伤
2021年4月16日	北京丰台区，储能电站爆炸	1人遇难、2名消防员牺牲、1名消防员受伤
2021年9月12日	重庆市通州区，电动车充电引发火灾	导致5人死亡
2021年11月4日	海口市琼山区，电动汽车过充导致起火	引起周围十余辆电动汽车燃烧
2022年2月8日	上海市普陀区，锂电池爆炸引发火灾	导致3人死亡
2022年2月12日	沈阳市皇姑区，纯电大型新能源客车爆炸	导致1人死亡，2人重伤，40人轻伤

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