Analysis of thermal runaway characteristics of 280 Ah large LiFePO4 battery under adiabatic conditions

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0349

Abstract

Abstract:

With the rapid development of the new energy industry, lithium-ion batteries are extensively used in the energy storage field. To better prevent and control fire and explosion accidents in energy storage stations, the thermal runaway characteristic of lithium iron phosphate batteries for energy storage requires to be examined more thoroughly. In this study, under adiabatic conditions 280 Ah lithium iron phosphate battery thermal runaway experiment was performed, and the self-generated thermal temperature T₁ was 70.26 ℃, the thermal runaway trigger temperature T₂ was 200.65 ℃, and the maximum thermal runaway temperature was 340.72 ℃. Two temperature rise rate peaks of 3.59 ℃/s and 1.28 ℃/s occurred during the thermal runaway process. Meanwhile, the kinetic parameters of the battery were also quantified in the self-generated thermal phase, and the total heat released during the thermal runaway of the battery was 1511 kJ. Finally, the study analyzed the causes of battery rupture and damage in the adiabatic environment that was due to the high internal pressure and violent reaction. The research content of this study compensated the gap in the study of thermal runaway characteristics of 280 Ah large lithium iron phosphate battery under adiabatic conditions and has theoretical guidance importance for fire and explosion accidents in energy storage stations.

Key words: lithium iron phosphate battery, thermal runaway, adiabatic environment, temperature characteristic parameters, kinetic parameters

CLC Number:

TM 911

Laifeng SONG, Wenxin MEI, Zhuangzhuang JIA, Qingsong WANG. Analysis of thermal runaway characteristics of 280 Ah large LiFePO₄ battery under adiabatic conditions[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(8): 2411-2417.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1

Table1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 2

Fig. 4

Table 3

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Table 4

The kinetic parameters of 280 Ah LiFePO4 self-produced thermal phase"

阶段	SOC	质量/kg	E_a/eV	A/min^-1	$Δ T a d$ /℃
阶段二	100%	5435	0.254	38.038	46.79

Table 4

Fig. 7

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参数	单位	数值
几何尺寸	mm	173.7(宽)×72(厚)×207.5(高)
容量	Ah	280
质量	g	5435
标称电压	V	3.2
充放电电压	V	2.5～3.65
荷电状态	—	100%
比热容	J/(kg·℃)	1029.49
密度	kg/m³	2118
导热系数	W/(m·℃)	X/Y/Z：21.63/21.63/2.11

参数	数值及单位
开始温度	50 ℃
结束温度	300 ℃
温度步长	5 ℃
温度检测阈值	0.02 ℃/min

参考文献	电池型号	容量	实验方式	T₁	T₂	T₃
Yuan等^[5]	26650	3.8 Ah	ARC	200 ℃	—	399 ℃
Perea等^[6]	26650	3 Ah	ARC	100.2 ℃	—	455 ℃
Lei等^[7]	18650	1.1 Ah	ARC	90 ℃	—	259 ℃
Jia等^[16]	26700	4 Ah	ARC	129.85 ℃	196.85 ℃	360.85 ℃
Liu等^[8]	方形	243 Ah	面加热	—	188.4 ℃	492.1 ℃
Liu等^[9]	方形	22 Ah	面加热	—	184.4 ℃	398.3 ℃
本研究	方形	280 Ah	ARC	70.62 ℃	200.65 ℃	340.72 ℃

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Analysis of thermal runaway characteristics of 280 Ah large LiFePO₄ battery under adiabatic conditions

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