Fig.1

Schematic illustration of the purpose and main strategies of cathode prelithiation methods[10-14]"

Fig.2

(a) Schematic representation of the electrochemical behavior for Si/C|LMNO cells without/with overlithiated cathodes; (b) Comparison of cycling stability for Si/C|LMNO cells with/without overlithiated cathodes[16]"

Fig.3

(a) Theoretical specific capacities and volumetric capacities of various M/Li2O composites based on the inverse conversion reaction; (b) Typical potential curves of Co3O4 and existing commercial cathodes LiFePO4[11]; (c) Cycling performance of NCM811 and NCM811 with P% (P%=3%, 5%, and 7%) CLO prelithiation agent; (d) Cycling performance of SiO/C||NCM without/with 7% CLO prelithiation agent (left) and Graphite||NCM without/with 3% CLO prelithiation agent (right) coin-type full-cell[23]"

Fig.4

Cycling stability of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2|SiO-graphite full cells with and without Fe/LiF/Li2O additive. Inset is the schematic illustration of the chemical stability of Fe/LiF/Li2O nanocomposites in the ambient air[31]"

Fig.5

Voltage profiles of LiCoO2 batteries (a) Without and (b) with Al2O3-coated Li2NiO2 added during formation[33]"

Fig.6

Voltage profile of a Li/Li5FeO4 cell for the initial electrochemical extraction of Li at 0.05 mA/cm2[13]"

Fig.7

(a) Charge profile of Li2C2O4 materials with the gas evolution; (b) Cyclability and Columbic efficiency of LNMO/SiC full cells with different adding content of Li2C2O4[41]"

Fig.8

(a) Schematic illustration of the decomposition process of Li2C4O4; (b) Comparison of the cycling stability of S/pPAN with or without Li2C4O4[14]; (c) Figure of merits on Li2C4O4 with other representative prelithiation agents[44]"

Table 1

Comparison of different cathode prelithiation strategies"