Performance analysis of a Carnot battery thermal energy storage system based on organic Rankine cycle

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0507

Abstract

Abstract:

To enhance the utilization of low-temperature waste heat in the steel industry, this study integrates low-temperature flue gas waste heat from the outlet of a sinter annular cooler into a pumped thermal energy storage (PTES) system. The PTES system comprises a heat pump (HP) cycle, a heat storage system, and an organic Rankine cycle (ORC). A thermodynamic calculation model of the PTES cycle process was developed, examining the effects of HP condensation temperature, ORC evaporation temperature, and ORC superheat degree on the system's performance with different working fluids. Results indicate that lowering the HP condensation temperature and raising the ORC evaporation temperature can improve the heating coefficient (COP_new) and power efficiency (η_ptp) of the PTES system. When isobutane is used as the ORC working fluid, COP_new and η_ptp decrease by 0.16 and 0.88%, respectively, as the HP condensation temperature increases by 2 ℃. Conversely, COP_new, ORC thermal efficiency (η_ORC), and η_ptp increase by 0.034, 0.26%, and 0.68%, respectively, with a 2 ℃ increase in ORC evaporation temperature. Compared to the ORC evaporator, temperature matching between the circulating working fluid and the heat storage medium in the HP condenser has a more significant impact on system performance, and the HP condensation temperature does not affect η_ORC. With constant HP condensation and ORC evaporation temperatures, reducing the ORC superheat degree improves the PTES system's thermodynamic performance. Considering COP_new, η_ORC, and η_ptp, R245fa is identified as the optimal working fluid for the ORC, followed by isobutane and R236ea. For PTES systems driven by low-temperature sinter flue gas waste heat, R245fa is recommended as the preferred ORC working fluid.

Key words: waste heat recovery, pumped thermal energy storage, heat pump, organic Rankine cycle, thermal performance

CLC Number:

TK 115

Junsheng FENG, Yaru YAN, Liang ZHAO, Hui DONG. Performance analysis of a Carnot battery thermal energy storage system based on organic Rankine cycle[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(11): 3930-3938.

Figures/Tables 9

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Table 1

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物性参数	isopentane	R245fa	R236ea	isobutane
工质类型	干	干	干	干
摩尔质量/(g/mol)	72.15	134.05	152.04	58.12
沸点/ ℃	27.83	15.14	6.19	-11.74
临界温度/ ℃	187.2	154.05	139.29	134.7
临界压力/MPa	3.378	3.651	3.42	3.64
ODP(臭氧消耗潜能)	0	0	0	0
GWP(全球变暖潜能)	7	1030	710	20

参数名称	数值	单位
热源进口温度	120	℃
热源出口温度	60	℃
热源流体质量流量	100	kg/s
蓄热器进口温度	130	℃
蓄热器出口温度	80	℃
HP冷凝温度	125~145	℃
ORC蒸发温度	75~95	℃
ORC过热度	0~20	℃
压缩机的等熵效率^[24]	85	%
膨胀机的等熵效率^[24]	85	%
工质泵的等熵效率^[24]	85	%
大气压力	101.3	kPa
环境温度T₀	20	℃

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