Optimization control method for distributed photovoltaic primary frequency regulation considering energy storage SOC

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0295

Abstract

Abstract:

With the integration of renewable energy sources such as distributed photovoltaics, traditional frequency regulation resources can no longer meet the growing frequency regulation demand. To better improve the frequency characteristics of power grids and unleash the frequency regulation potential of distributed photovoltaics, we propose an optimization control method for distributed photovoltaic primary frequency regulation considering energy storage SOC. First, a grid-connected frequency control model was developed based on the frequency response characteristics of distributed photovoltaic and energy storage devices. Second, combined with the Guanhao pig optimization algorithm, the key parameters of the predictive control model were adaptively adjusted. Based on this, considering the capacity limitation of distributed photovoltaics and the characteristics of energy storage SOC, a frequency modulation parameter optimization model was developed, and the state space equation was updated in real time to achieve precise control of the frequency support capability of distributed photovoltaics. Finally, by comparing the frequency modulation performance under different control strategies through MATLAB/Simulink simulation examples, the results show that the optimized control algorithm has higher control accuracy and faster response speed than the pre-optimized control strategy. Moreover, the optimized algorithm demonstrates good control performance in delay scenarios with good robustness and anti-interference ability.

Key words: energy storage state of charge, distributed photovoltaics, model predictive control, parameter optimization

CLC Number:

TM 712

Tianhai ZHANG, Xiaolong YANG, Shuai ZHOU, Keyi TANG, Xin LIU. Optimization control method for distributed photovoltaic primary frequency regulation considering energy storage SOC[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(10): 3796-3807.

Figures/Tables 4

References 22

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符号	含义	数值
H_G	同步机时间惯性常数	6
D	负荷频率响应系数	0.01
k_E	储能调频增益系数	10
T_E	储能惯性响应系数	0.3
k_d	分布式光伏的一次调频控制增益	8
T_PV1	调频控制指令下发到光伏逆变器的时间常数	0.2
T_PV2	光伏逆变器的执行时间常数	0.5
P_L/p.u.	负荷扰动	0.15

场景	最大频率波动/Hz	调节时间/s
场景一	0.374	7.42
场景二	0.298	6.53
场景三	0.221	5.21

场景	最大频率波动/Hz	调节时间/s
场景一	0.408	11.51
场景二	0.342	8.47
场景三	0.253	5.92