Characteristics and optimization study of an adiabatic Ca-looping Carnot battery system based on pumped thermal electricity storage

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0918

Abstract

Abstract:

To tackle energy shortages and uneven distribution, we proposed a novel and advantageous coupled system that integrated Ca-looping thermochemical energy storage and pumped thermal electricity storage. Charging was achieved by using a heat pump to supply heat for dehydration, while discharging relied on hydration-induced heat generation for electricity production. This approach effectively eliminated thermal dissipation losses during storage, enabling long-term, large-capacity energy storage. Analyzed the impact of operating parameters on cycle efficiency. Increasing the cycle pressure ratio during charging positively affects cycle efficiency but also increases device burden, and leading to diminishing marginal returns. The absorption temperature of the heat pump and dehydration temperature should remain close to optimize performance. Minimizing pinch temperature is crucial to enhance thermal quality utilization. Increasing pressure ratio or aligning the intermediate pressure with ideal value during discharging results in an increase net power of the cycle, thereby enhances cycle efficiency. Higher heat absorption temperature of the generator and hydration temperature, as well as elevated storage temperature of Ca(OH)₂, improve outcomes, while preheating temperatures of CaO and H₂O have small impact. The black-box concept, pinch analysis, and improved genetic algorithm were used to optimize. Effectively controlling heat exchange network exergy loss, and achieving a maximum cycle efficiency of 65.96%. It demonstrates its competitiveness as an energy storage solution.

Key words: Ca-looping thermochemical energy storage, pumped thermal electricity storage, Carnot battery, parameter optimization, cycle efficiency

CLC Number:

TK 02

Yang DING, Hanwen WANG, Wenjie LU, Yuanjun LUO, Xiang LING. Characteristics and optimization study of an adiabatic Ca-looping Carnot battery system based on pumped thermal electricity storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0918.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 1

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

Fig. 11

Fig. 12

Table 2

Fig. 13

References 18

1	武强, 涂坤, 曾一凡. "双碳"目标愿景下我国能源战略形势若干问题思考[J]. 科学通报, 2023, 68(15): 1884-1898.
	WU Q, TU K, ZENG Y F. Research on China's energy strategic situation under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2023, 68(15): 1884-1898.
2	郑天一, 简析储能技术的应用研究[C]. 第三十六届中国(天津)2022' IT、网络、信息技术、电子、仪器仪表创新学术会议论文集, 2022: 178-181.
	ZHENG T Y. A brief analysis of the application research of energy storage technology[C]// Proceedings of the 36th China (Tianjin) 2022' IT, Network, Information Technology, Electronics, Instrumentation Innovation Academic Conference, 2022: 178-181.
3	张琼, 王亮, 徐玉杰, 等. 热泵储电技术研究进展[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(01): 178-185+354.
	ZHANG Q, WANG L, XU Y J, et al. Research progress in pumped heat electricity storage system: A Review[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(01): 178-185+354.
4	张谨奕, 王含, 白宁, 等. 热泵储电系统的热力学分析[J]. 热力发电, 2020, 49(08): 43-49+63.
	ZHANG J Y, WANG H, BAI N, et al. Thermodynamic analysis for heat pump electricity storage system[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2020, 49(08): 43-49+63.
5	殷子彦, 戴叶, 徐博, 等. 新型热泵储电系统的设计方案及其性能分析[J]. 可再生能源, 2019, 37(05): 784-790.
	YIN Z Y, DAI Y, XU B, et al. New design scheme of pumped thermal electricity system and its performance analysis[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2019, 37(05): 784-790.
6	DAVENNE T R, PETERS B. An analysis of pumped thermal energy storage with De-coupled thermal stores[J]. Frontiers in Energy Research, 2020, 8: 160.
7	张琼. 新型热泵储电技术仿真研究[D]. 中国科学院大学(中国科学院工程热物理研究所), 2017.
	ZHANG Q. Simulation research on the novel pumped thermal electricity storage technology[D]. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2017.
8	WANG L, LIN X P, ZHANG H, et al. Analytic optimization of Joule-Brayton cycle-based pumped thermal electricity storage system[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2022, 47: 1036603.
9	PALOMBA V, FRAZZICA A. Recent advancements in sorption technology for solar thermal energy storage applications[J]. Solar Energy, 2019, 192: 69-105.
10	凌祥,宋丹阳,陈晓轶, 等. 钙基热化学储能体系装备与系统研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(04): 1777-1796.
	LING X, SONG D Y, CHEN X Y, et al. Progress in equipment and systems for calcium-based thermochemical energy storage system[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(04): 1777-1796.
11	CHEN X Y, JIN X G, LING X, et al. Indirect integration of thermochemical energy storage with the recompression supercritical CO₂ Brayton cycle[J]. Energy, 2020, 209: 118452.
12	LIU Z Y, ZHANG H, JIN X, et al. Thermal economy analysis and multi-objective optimization of a small CO₂ transcritical pumped thermal electricity storage system[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2023, 293: 117451.
13	张涵, 王亮, 林曦鹏, 等. 基于逆/正布雷顿循环的热泵储电系统性能[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(05): 1796-1805.
	ZHANG H, WANG L, LlN X P, et al. Performance of pumped thermal electricity storage system based on reverse/forward Brayton cycle[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(05): 1796-1805.
14	SCHAUBE F, KOCH L, WÖRNER A, et al. A thermodynamic and kinetic study of the de- and rehydration of Ca(OH)₂ at high H₂O partial pressures for thermo-chemical heat storage[J]. Thermochimica Acta, 2012, 538: 9-20.
15	TOFFOLO A, LAZZARETTO A, MORANDIN M. The HEATSEP method for the synthesis of thermal systems: An application to the S-Graz cycle[J]. Energy, 2010, 35(2): 976-981.
16	KEMP I C, Pinch analysis and process integration: A user guide on process integration for the effcient use of energy[M]. 2nd ed. Oxford: Elsevier Ltd., 2007.
17	陈璐璐, 邱建林, 陈燕云, 等. 改进的遗传粒子群混合优化算法[J]. 计算机工程与设计, 2017, 38(02): 395-399.
	CHEN L L, QlU J L, CHEN Y Y, et al. Improved hybrid optimization algorithms based on genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization[J]. Computer Engineering and Design, 2017, 38(02): 395-399.
18	KORAKIANITIS T, WILSON D G. Models for predicting the performance of Brayton-cycle engines[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power-Transactions of the Asme, 1994, 116(2): 381-388.

储能过程		释能过程
循环高压 1C	92 bar	循环高压 2C2	124 bar
循环低压 1E	7 bar	循环低压 2E2	9 bar
冷却温度 1TH	400 ℃	中间压缩压力 2C1	20 bar
加热温度 1TL	45 ℃	中间膨胀压力 2E2	27 bar
		加热温度 2TH1、2	600 ℃
		冷却温度 2TL1、2	-150 ℃

储能过程		释能过程
循环高压 1C	201 bar	循环高压 2C2	171 bar
循环低压 1E	15 bar	循环低压 2E2	55 bar
循环压比	13.40	循环压比	3.11
冷却温度 1TH	397 ℃	中间压缩压力 2C1	56 bar
加热温度 1TL	39 ℃	中间膨胀压力 2E2	108 bar
循环高温	635.63 ℃	加热温度 2TH1、2	595 ℃
		冷却温度 2TL1、2	-102 ℃
分解温度	415 ℃	水合温度	600 ℃
		CaO预热温度 2HX3	572 ℃
		H₂O预热温度 SuperH	459 ℃
CaO存储温度 1HX4	50 ℃	Ca(OH)₂存储温度 2HX2	50 ℃

[1]	Zuogang GUO, Tong LIU, Min XU, Shen XU, Guangming CHEN, Xinyue HAO. Theoretical analysis of a novel ejector augmented compressed air energy storage system [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(6): 1877-1887.
[2]	Jian SUN, Jianlong TAO, Yunrong HU, Xiaolong CAO, Yongping YANG. Summary of research on power storage technology based on heat pump at home and abroad [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(6): 1963-1976.
[3]	Chao WU, Luoya WANG, Zijie YUAN, Changlong MA, Jilei YE, Yuping WU, Lili LIU. Research progress in liquid cooling and heat dissipation technologies for electrochemical energy storage systems [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(10): 3596-3612.
[4]	Yanjun BO, Xinjie XUE, Huaning WANG, Changying ZHAO. System design and experimental study of Carnot battery based on latent heat/cold stores [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(9): 2823-2832.
[5]	Rui HAN, Zhirong LIAO, Boxu YU, Chao XU, Xing JU. Simulation study of a molten-salt Carnot battery energy storage system for retrofitting a thermal power plant [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(12): 3605-3615.
[6]	Limu XIAO, Xin GAO, Shihai ZHANG, Xiankui WEN. Thermodynamic analysis on the liquid air energy storage system with liquid natural gas and organic Rankine cycle [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(1): 155-164.
[7]	Li SHENG, Xinjie XUE, Yanjun BO, Changying ZHAO. Simulation and analysis of pumped thermal electricity storage system based on phase change energy storage medium [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(11): 3649-3657.
[8]	Han ZHANG, Liang WANG, Xipeng LIN, Haisheng CHEN. Performance of pumped thermal electricity storage system based on reverse/forward Brayton cycle [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1796-1805.
[9]	Zirui HE, Wei QI, Jintao SONG, Shuangshuang CUI, Hong LI. The thermodynamic analysis of a liquefied air energy storage system coupled with liquefied natural gas [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1589-1596.
[10]	YAN Hongli, JING Zhiliang, LU Zuowei, WANG Yuqi, WU Zhen. Study on coupling characteristics of PEMFC power generation system using chemisorption as solid-state hydrogen storage [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(1): 152-161.