考虑环境惩罚的综合能源系统多季节优化研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0340

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

建筑用能是能源行业的用能大户，而综合能源系统能整合各类能量，为了实现楼宇型综合能源系统的低碳、经济运行，本工作开展了综合能源系统相关优化研究。以两种不同类型建筑作为研究对象，系统包含太阳能、地热能等清洁能源，提出了以矩阵形式建模的能量枢纽模型；以建筑夏、冬两季典型日为数据基础，以典型日综合运行费用最低为目标建立优化调度模型，采用CPLEX软件结合改进NSGA-II算法求解模型；通过算例结果表明，整体上冬季优化效果高出夏季优化效果10%左右；数据显示优化后的建筑综合运行费用节省率在15%~35%且能限制污染物排放量，具有良好的经济效益和环境效益。

关键词: 综合能源, 能源耦合, 储能, 混合整数线性模型, 优化调度

Abstract:

Building energy consumption represents a significant portion of the energy sector, and integrated energy systems offer a way to optimize various energy sources. In order to realize the low-carbon and economic operation in building integrated energy systems, this study explores optimization strategies. Two different types of buildings are examined, incorporating clean energy sources such as solar and geothermal energy. A matrix-based energy hub model is proposed to guide the research. Based on the data from typical summer and winter days, an optimal scheduling model was established with the goal of minimizing comprehensive operational costs for these typical days. The model is solved using CPLEX software combined with an improved NSGA-II algorithm. The results show that the optimization effect in winter is about 10% higher than that in summer. The optimized building demonstrates a comprehensive operation cost reduction ranging from 15% to 35%, while also limiting pollutant emissions, thereby providing significant economic and environmental benefits.

Key words: integrated energy energy, energy coupling, energy storage, mixed integer linear model, optimal scheduling

中图分类号:

TK 01

王君梅, 吴晓南, 廖柏睿. 考虑环境惩罚的综合能源系统多季节优化研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(10): 3720-3729.

Junmei WANG, Xiaonan WU, Bairui LIAO. Multi-season optimization of integrated energy systems considering environmental penalties[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(10): 3720-3729.

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参数	数值/%
热电联产系统发电效率	47
热电联产系统制热效率	30
燃气锅炉制热效率	85
吸收式制冷机制冷效率	120
电制冷机制冷效率	400
地源热泵热效率	440
地源热泵冷效率	500

设备	单位运行费用/(元/kWh)
热电联产系统	0.025
燃气锅炉	0.022
电制冷机	0.07
吸收式制冷机	0.01
热泵	0.009
光伏	0.023

项目	燃气轮机/(g/kWh)	电网/(g/kWh)	惩罚价格/(元/kg)
SO ₂	0.0009	3.9446	0.75
NO _x	0.6188	3.0938	1
CO ₂	184.0829	86.4725	0.0028

场景	运行维护费用/元	电能交易费用/元	燃料费用/元	环境费用/元	综合运行费用/元	传统运行费用/元	优化比例
商业冬季	278	4336	5501	20	10135	13815	26.71%
商业夏季	401	4855	8627	16	13899	16491	15.70%
居民冬季	305	1233	6037	17	7592	11693	35.10%
居民夏季	351	3483	8178	15	12027	14826	18.90%

算法	综合运行费用最优值/元	相对优化度/%	计算速度/s
基于CPLEX的改进遗传算法	13899	0	63.52
遗传算法	14985	-7.26%	492.68
粒子群算法	14554	-4.52%	213.25