储能科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (3): 861-868.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2019.0246

• 储能系统与工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

清洁供暖储热技术现状与趋势

凌浩恕1(), 何京东2, 徐玉杰1(), 王亮1, 陈海生1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院工程热物理研究所,北京 100190
    2. 中国科学院,北京 100864
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-01 修回日期:2019-11-27 出版日期:2020-05-05 发布日期:2019-12-12
  • 通讯作者: 徐玉杰 E-mail:linghaoshu@iet.cn;xuyujie@iet.cn
  • 作者简介:凌浩恕(1988—),男,博士,助理研究员,从事蓄热蓄冷等储能技术研究,E-mail:linghaoshu@iet.cn;
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0903605);北京市自然科学基金(8184095);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(QYZDB-SSW-JSC023);中科院洁净能源先导科技专项(XDA21070200)

Status and prospect of thermal energy storage technology for clean heating

LING Haoshu1(), HE Jingdong2, XU Yujie1(), WANG Liang1, CHEN Haisheng1   

  1. 1. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    2. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100864, China
  • Received:2019-11-01 Revised:2019-11-27 Online:2020-05-05 Published:2019-12-12
  • Contact: Yujie XU E-mail:linghaoshu@iet.cn;xuyujie@iet.cn

摘要:

推进北方地区建筑冬季清洁供暖,是重大的民生工程、民心工程。目前清洁供暖技术种类繁多,各具特点,其中集成储热技术的清洁供暖技术是研究热点。为了全面分析清洁供暖储热技术发展现状和趋势,本文分析并总结了清洁供暖技术、储热技术的性能特点和发展现状,并结合二者的性能,分析了典型清洁供暖储热技术发展现状和趋势。结果表明,清洁供暖技术分为清洁燃煤集中供暖技术、天然气供暖技术、电供暖技术和可再生能源等其他清洁供暖技术。其中,利用储热技术的电供暖技术由于可以配合电网调峰,解决可再生能源电力波动性,受到了广泛的关注。储热技术分为显热储热技术、潜热储热技术和热化学储热技术。显热储热技术具有储热规模大、寿命长、成本低、技术成熟度高等优点,是研究最早、利用最广泛、最成熟的技术;潜热储热技术具有储热密度高、放热过程温度近乎恒定的优点,是目前主要研究和应用热点;热化学储热技术具有更大的能量储存密度可实现长期储存热能等优点,但处于实验室验证阶段。清洁供暖储热技术有逐步聚焦的趋势,主流技术包括水储热技术、高温固体电储热技术、相变电储热技术等。本研究可为我国北方清洁供暖技术设计和应用提供参考和依据。

关键词: 清洁供暖, 储热, 显热储热, 潜热储热, 热化学储热

Abstract:

Promotion of clean heating can improve the livelihoods and contentedness of people in the northern China. Various clean heating technologies are available, each with different characteristics. Among these technologies, thermal energy-storage technology has received much attention. This paper summarizes the technologies of clean heating and thermal energy storage and reviews the development status and trend of thermal energy-storage technologies in clean heating applications. Finally, combining the characteristics of clean heating technology and thermal energy-storage technology, typical thermal energy-storage technologies for clean heating were analyzed. Among the clean heating technologies, we identified clean coal-fired central heating, natural gas heating, electric heating, renewable energy, and other clean heating technologies. Electric heating technologies based on thermal energy storage are widely disseminated as they cooperate with the peak load regulations of power grids and avoid the volatility of renewable energy sources. Thermal energy-storage technologies are divisible into sensible heat, latent heat, and thermochemical heat storage technologies. As the earliest, most widely used, and most mature technology, sensible heat-storage technology has advantages of scalability, long life, low cost, and high technological maturity. Latent heat-storage technology achieves a high heat-storage density, and its temperature remains nearly constant during exothermic processes. This technology has become a research and application hotspot. Thermochemical heat-storage technology achieves the highest energy-storage density over a long storage period, but it is currently in the laboratory verification stage. Thermal energy-storage technologies for clean heating have gradually focused on water-heat storage, high-temperature solid-heat storage, and phase-change heat storage. This study provides a reference and basis for the design and application of clean heating technologies in northern China.

Key words: clean heating, thermal energy storage technology, sensible heat storage, latent heat storage, thermochemical heat storage

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