水合盐热化学反应器多因素耦合作用下的性能研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1066

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水合盐热化学储热技术具有储能密度高、长时储存热损小等特点，是缓解太阳能应用于建筑时供需不匹配的有效手段之一。其中水合盐热化学反应器的操作条件和结构对其性能影响很大，目前研究主要开展了单一因素的影响分析，分析不够深入且缺乏对多因素耦合作用下反应器性能的研究。因此，本工作建立了一种水合盐储热反应器的动态仿真模型，并搭建实验平台开展了实验研究。与实验结果相比，脱/吸附过程反应器出口温度模拟值的平均绝对误差MAE和最大绝对误差MAXE分别为1.55/1.57 ℃和7.68/3.35 ℃，证明了该模型的准确性。利用以上模型，本工作系统分析了进口温湿度、质量流量及反应器体积等因素对反应器性能的影响，并采用多元线性回归分析了多因素耦合作用对反应器性能的影响。结果表明，进口温度是脱附反应最大温升、反应时间的主要影响因素，其影响系数分别为0.497和-3.04；进口相对湿度对吸附反应的影响最显著，增加进口相对湿度可提高反应最大温升，缩短反应时间；温度与湿度综合作用对反应影响最大，远超两因素的单独作用，且它们对反应时间的影响大于最大温升。此外，温度、湿度和体积的综合影响也较大，对吸附反应时间的影响系数为0.0959，是其他因素综合作用的7~240倍。

关键词: 热化学储热, 数值模拟, 影响因素, 多元线性回归

Abstract:

Thermochemical energy storage using hydrated salts offers high energy density and minimal thermal losses over extended storage periods, making it a viable solution for balancing supply and demand in solar energy applications for buildings. The performance of thermal storage reactors using salt hydrates is heavily influenced by their operational conditions and structural design. However, most studies have analyzed single factors, providing limited understanding of reactor performance under multifactor interactions. To address this gap, we developed and experimentally validated a dynamic simulation model for a thermal storage reactor with salt hydrates. The model demonstrated high accuracy, achieving mean absolute errors and maximum absolute errors of 1.55 ℃ and 1.57 ℃, and 7.68 ℃ and 3.35 ℃, for desorption and adsorption outlet temperatures, respectively. Using this model, we conducted systematic analyses of how inlet temperature, inlet relative humidity, mass flow rate, and reactor volume influence reactor performance. In addition, multiple linear regression was applied to evaluate the impacts of multifactor interactions on reactor performance. The results indicated that inlet temperature is the primary factor influencing both the maximum temperature rise during desorption and the reaction time, with influence coefficients of 0.497 and -3.04, respectively. For adsorption reactions, inlet relative humidity had the most significant impact, with higher humidity boosting the maximum temperature rise and shortening reaction time. Furthermore, the combined influence of temperature and humidity exerted the greatest impact on reactions than their individual effects, particularly on reaction time. Finally, the combined effects of temperature, humidity, and reactor volume demonstrated a pronounced impact on the adsorption reaction time, with an influence coefficient of 0.0959, which was 7—240 times greater than that of various other combinations.

Key words: thermochemical heat storage, numerical simulation, influencing factors, multiple linear regression

中图分类号:

TK 02

王乐霄, 罗伊默, 王利明, 杨格桑. 水合盐热化学反应器多因素耦合作用下的性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(12): 4396-4405.

Lexiao WANG, Yimo LUO, Liming WANG, Gesang YANG. Research on the performance of thermal storage reactor with salt hydrates under multifactor interactions[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(12): 4396-4405.

图/表 15

图1

图2

表1

图3

表2

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

表3

各影响因素多元回归分析结果"

反应	影响因素	最大温升			反应时间
反应	影响因素	R²	P	$β$	R²	P	$β$
脱附	T_进口	0.840	0.000	0.497	0.581	0.000	-3.043
	RH_进口	0.156	0.017	-1.499	0.042	0.233	5.700
	m	0.002	0.802	-0.001	0.168	0.013	-0.057
	V	0.001	0.889	0.913	0.134	0.028	102.333

吸附	T_进口	0.201	0.006	-0.449	0.138	0.026	4.378
	RH_进口	0.748	0.000	0.260	0.615	0.000	-2.777
	m	0.015	0.476	-0.002	0.118	0.040	-0.061
	V	0.030	0.314	5.189	0.049	0.193	78.667

表3

表4

参考文献 16

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参数名称	设定值
脱附进口温度/℃	75
脱附进口相对湿度/%	8
吸附进口温度/℃	20
吸附进口相对湿度/%	52
反应器体积/m³	0.002278
流速/(m³/h)	13.5

影响因素	变化率
影响因素	-40%	-30%	-20%	-10%	0(标况)	+10%	+20%	+30%	+40%
脱附进口相对湿度/%	3	3.5	4	4.5	5	5.5	6	6.5	7
吸附进口温度/℃	9	10.5	12	13.5	15	16.5	18	19.5	21
吸附进口相对湿度/%	30	35	40	45	50	55	60	65	70
质量流量/(kg/h)	600	700	800	900	1000	1100	1200	1300	1400
反应器体积/m³	0.3	0.35	0.4	0.45	0.5	0.55	0.6	0.65	0.7
脱附进口温度/℃	56 (-20%)	59.5 (-15%)	63 (-10%)	66.5 (-5%)	70	73.5 (+5%)	77 (+10%)	80.5 (+15%)	84 (+20%)

评价指标	脱附		吸附
评价指标	最大温升	反应时间	最大温升	反应时间
R²	0.998	0.925	0.993	0.920
α₁	0.0077	-0.0587	-0.0003	0.0038
α₂	-0.0005	0.0042	0.0011	-0.0182
α₃	0.0001	0.0004	0.0000	0.0001
α₄	-0.0006	-0.0089	0.0000	-0.0010
α₅	0.0384	0.2933	0.0164	0.1917
α₆	0.0038	0.0293	0.0002	0.0019
α₇	0.0003	0.0003	0.0000	0.0137
α₈	0.0003	0.0021	0.0005	0.0064
α₉	-0.0028	0.0445	0.0003	0.0008
α₁₀	-0.0003	0.0045	0.0000	0.0005
α₁₁	0.0192	0.1466	0.0082	0.0959
α₁₂	0.0000	-0.0010	0.0000	-0.0004
α₁₃	0.0001	0.0002	0.0000	0.0070
α₁₄	-0.0014	0.0222	0.0002	0.0004
α₁₅	0.0000	-0.0002	0.0000	0.0002

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