计及配网电压越限的光储协同优化运行策略

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0711

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着大量分布式光伏（distributed photovoltaic，DPV）并网，目前配电网中出现了日间过压和夜间低压并存的电压越限问题，并进一步影响了网络的经济运行。本工作基于此提出了两阶段光储系统协同运行的优化调度策略。该策略第一阶段通过计算节点的电压灵敏度来确定待调节的储能节点与充放功率，以及光伏可调节点；第二阶段建立了光储运行优化模型。该模型以储能的调度成本、购售电成本以及网损成本之和最小为目标，以网络潮流、节点电压、储能SOC（state of charge）、光伏的无功可调容量等作为约束，通过粒子群算法对该模型进行求解，可以得到光储系统日调度出力策略。最后，以某地区31节点的实际配电网作为算例，验证了本工作方法的有效性。算例结果表明，该策略可以通过光储的协同调度，有效治理电网中的电压越限问题，并且在保障配电网电压安全的同时，实现优化运行成本的目标。

关键词: 分布式光伏, 电压越限, 储能装置, 光伏无功, 运行优化

Abstract:

Although distributed photovoltaics (DPVs) are increasingly being integrated into power grids, the problems of daytime overvoltage and nighttime low voltage in the distribution the network persist, which affect network economy. To overcome this problem, a two-stage optimization operation strategy involving DPVs and energy storage systems (ESSs) was proposed. In the first stage of the strategy, the position and amount of charge and discharge of the ESSs were determined by calculating the voltage sensitivity of the node and the adjustable photovoltaic reactive power node. Next, the optimization operation model was established. The model minimizes the sum of dispatching cost of ESSs, power exchange cost, and network loss cost. The constraints of the study include the distribution network, node voltage, state of charge (SOC) of ESSs, and adjustable reactive power capacity of photovoltaic inverters. In this model, particle swarm optimization was used to devise the daily scheduling output strategy of DPVs and ESSs. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified using a 31-node actual distribution network. The simulation results revealed that the proposed strategy can effectively solve the voltage violation problem through the cooperative dispatching of DPVs and ESSs. Thus, the operating cost of the distribution network can be optimized while ensuring voltage safety.

Key words: distributed photovoltaic, voltage violation, energy storage system, reactive power control, operation optimization

中图分类号:

TM 732

顾怡, 邢洁, 马洪艳, 高杉. 计及配网电压越限的光储协同优化运行策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(3): 893-902.

Yi GU, Jie XING, Hongyan MA, Shan GAO. Optimal operation strategy of distributed photovoltaic and energy storage systems by considering voltage violations in the distribution network[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(3): 893-902.

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方案编号	储能调节节点 (储能调节容量/MWh)	光伏无功调整节点	光伏无功调整量/Mvar	网损率	目标函数 /万元	储能调度成本/万元	配电网购售电成本/万元	网损成本/万元
最优方案	28(0.34)、27(0.27)	28	0.38	8.236%	0.398	0.0744	-1.106	1.430
对比方案1	—	28，23，20	0.83	10.138%	0.598	—	-0.858	1.456
对比方案2	28(0.45)、27(0.4)、 23(0.4)	—	—	8.083%	0.497	0.265	-1.1773	1.409
对比方案3	28(0.45)	28，23	0.46	8.804%	0.423	0.068	-1.091	1.446
对比方案4	28(0.45)、27(0.45)	28	0.4	8.378%	0.445	0.144	-1.134	1.435

参数符号	含义	数值
K_BESS	单位储能成本	0.6万元/kWh
SOC	荷电状态设定范围	[0.2, 0.9]
η	储能充放电效率	95%
P_N	储能充放电额定功率	±200 kW

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