考虑分布式储能功率支撑的配电网供电恢复频率控制方法

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对配电网供电恢复过程中的孤网系统的频率波动问题，提出了考虑分布式储能功率支撑的配电网供电恢复频率控制方法。首先，根据分布式光伏及储能设备的频率响应特性，建立了供电恢复过程中孤网系统的时域模型；然后，基于模型预测控制分别制定稳定裕度优化和暂态频率优化控制模式，构建了储能支撑的频率控制策略，并结合哈里斯鹰优化算法实现了目标函数间的权重系数优化；最后，通过仿真算例对比不同控制策略下的调频性能，以验证所提方法的有效性。结果表明，该方法有效改善了系统的最大频率波动与调节时间，能够抑制配电网在供电恢复过程中的频率波动问题，提升系统的频率控制性能。

关键词: 配电网, 分布式储能, 供电恢复, 模型预测控制, 频率控制

Abstract:

To address the frequency fluctuation problem in isolated network systems during power restoration, a frequency control method was proposed. The proposed method leverages distributed energy storage to provide power support. First, a time-domain model of an isolated grid system during power restoration was established using the frequency response characteristics of distributed photovoltaic and energy storage devices. Second, a frequency control strategy for energy storage support was constructed, and stable margin optimization and transient frequency optimization control modes based on model predictive control were developed. The weight coefficient between the objective functions was obtained using the Harris Hawk optimization algorithm. Finally, the frequency modulation performances under different control strategies were compared through simulation examples to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively improves the maximum frequency fluctuation and regulation time of the system, suppresses the frequency fluctuation problem in the power supply recovery process of the distribution network, and enhances the frequency control performance of the system.

Key words: distribution network, distributed energy storage, fault recovery, model predictive control, frequency control

中图分类号:

TM 732

王子滔, 李浩然. 考虑分布式储能功率支撑的配电网供电恢复频率控制方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(7): 2738-2751.

Zitao WANG, Haoran LI. Frequency control method for power restoration in distribution networks considering distributed energy storage power support[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(7): 2738-2751.

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符号	含义	数值
H_G	同步机时间惯性常数	6
D	阻尼系数	0.01
k_d	分布式光伏的一次调频控制增益	6
T_PV1	指令下发的时间常数	2
T_PV2	逆变器的执行时间常数	0.8
k_E	储能机组的调频增益系数	10
T_E1	储能机组的惯性响应系数	0.1
T_E2	指令下发的时间常数	2
P_L	负荷扰动	0.2

控制方法	最大频率波动/Hz	调节时间/s
本工作控制方法	-0.22	24.57
传统MPC控制	-0.4	35.67
PID控制	-0.52	25.83

控制方法	最大频率波动/Hz	调节时间/s
本工作控制方法	-0.23	25.01
传统MPC控制	-0.44	36.31
PID控制	-0.64	25.92

控制方法	最大频率波动/Hz	调节时间/s
本工作控制方法	-0.27	24.56
传统MPC控制	-0.52	35.38
PID控制	-0.74	36.93

控制方法	最大频率波动/Hz	调节时间/s
本工作控制方法	-0.20	24.63
传统MPC控制	-0.38	34.97
PID控制	-0.48	26.02