废旧磷酸铁锂动力电池回收利用研究进展

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0201

储能科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (6): 1854-1864.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0201

废旧磷酸铁锂动力电池回收利用研究进展

周伟¹^,²(), 符冬菊²(), 刘伟峰³(), 陈建军²(), 胡照¹^,², 曾燮榕¹

^1.深圳大学材料学院，广东深圳 518060
^2.深圳清华大学研究院，广东深圳 518055
^3.太原理工大学，山西太原 030024

收稿日期:2022-04-13 修回日期:2022-04-22 出版日期:2022-06-05 发布日期:2022-06-13
通讯作者: 符冬菊,刘伟峰,陈建军 E-mail:zw2509278095@163.com;youyou.orange23@163.com;lwf061586@yeah.net;chenjj08@126.com
作者简介:周伟（1999—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为废旧磷酸铁锂动力电池回收利用，E-mail：zw2509278095@163.com；
基金资助:
深圳市可持续发展专项项目(KCXFZ20201221173214040);深圳市可持续发展专项项目(KCXFZ202002011006254);山西省重点研发计划国际合作项目(201903D421077);银川市科技局重点计划项目(2021ZD08)

Research progress on recycling technology of waste lithium iron phosphate power battery

ZHOU Wei¹^,²(), FU Dongju²(), LIU Weifeng³(), CHEN Jianjun²(), HU Zhao¹^,², ZENG Xierong¹

^1.College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, China
^2.Research Institute of Tsinghua University In Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
^3.Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China

Received:2022-04-13 Revised:2022-04-22 Online:2022-06-05 Published:2022-06-13
Contact: FU Dongju, LIU Weifeng, CHEN Jianjun E-mail:zw2509278095@163.com;youyou.orange23@163.com;lwf061586@yeah.net;chenjj08@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文结合近几年国内外废旧磷酸铁锂动力电池回收利用的研究结果，对废旧磷酸铁锂动力电池回收利用最新技术进行详细综述，包括预处理过程、正负极材料及电解液的多种回收再利用方法。着重介绍了正极材料回收工艺，包括火法冶金、湿法冶金中酸浸工艺及生物浸出技术、直接再生技术；并分别介绍了负极的再生利用技术及电解液的超临界CO₂回收工艺。系统总结了废旧磷酸铁锂动力电池回收利用的最新进展，对目前废旧磷酸铁锂动力电池回收利用过程中存在的问题进行分析，未来应对回收工艺及原理开展深入研究，开发出清洁、环保、流程短的回收工艺，对不同类型的回收材料采用不同回收处理方式，从而真正实现废旧磷酸铁锂动力电池全组分高效率、高质量回收。

关键词: 废旧磷酸铁锂动力电池, 拆解回收, 正极材料, 湿法冶金

Abstract:

This study combines the results of domestic and foreign research on the recycling of used lithium iron phosphate power batteries recently. Furthermore, it provides a detailed review of the latest technology for recycling used lithium iron phosphate power batteries, including pretreatment processes, positive and negative electrode materials, and electrolyte recycling methods. This study also focuses on the recovery process of positive electrode material, including the acid leaching process and bioleaching technology in pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy, and direct regeneration technology. It introduces the recycling technology of negative electrodes and the supercritical CO₂ recovery process of electrolytes. The recent progress in the recovery and utilization of waste lithium iron phosphate power batteries is systematically summarized, and the existing problems in the recovery and utilization of waste lithium iron phosphate power batteries are analyzed. In the future, we will conduct in-depth research on the recycling process and its principle, develop a clean, environmental-friendly and simple recycling process, and adopt different recycling methods for different types of recycled materials. Thus, the high efficiency and high-quality recovery of all waste lithium iron phosphate power battery components can be realized.

Key words: waste lithium iron phosphate power battery, dismantling and recycling, cathode material, hydrometallurgy

中图分类号:

O 646.21

周伟, 符冬菊, 刘伟峰, 陈建军, 胡照, 曾燮榕. 废旧磷酸铁锂动力电池回收利用研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(6): 1854-1864.

ZHOU Wei, FU Dongju, LIU Weifeng, CHEN Jianjun, HU Zhao, ZENG Xierong. Research progress on recycling technology of waste lithium iron phosphate power battery[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(6): 1854-1864.

图/表 6

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废旧磷酸铁锂动力电池回收利用研究进展

Research progress on recycling technology of waste lithium iron phosphate power battery

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