基于外特性方法的锂离子电池析锂及可逆锂回嵌定量分析

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0584

储能科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (2): 529-535.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0584

基于外特性方法的锂离子电池析锂及可逆锂回嵌定量分析

张玉龙(), 栾伟玲(), 吴森明

华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院，石化行业动力电池系统与安全重点实验室，上海 200237

收稿日期:2022-10-09 修回日期:2022-10-19 出版日期:2023-02-05 发布日期:2023-02-24
通讯作者: 栾伟玲 E-mail:zhangyl.work@foxmail.con;luan@ecust.edu.cn
作者简介:张玉龙（1998—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为锂离子电池老化与安全，E-mail： zhangyl.work@foxmail.con；

Quantitative analysis of the lithium plating-stripping process of lithium-ion batteries using external characteristic methods

Yulong ZHANG(), Weiling LUAN(), Senming WU

CPCIF Key Laboratory of Power Battery Systems and Safety, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China

Received:2022-10-09 Revised:2022-10-19 Online:2023-02-05 Published:2023-02-24
Contact: Weiling LUAN E-mail:zhangyl.work@foxmail.con;luan@ecust.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂离子电池因其高能量密度、高循环寿命等优势被广泛应用，然而由析锂导致的电池可用锂离子损失，会降低电池自产热温度，严重影响锂离子电池的寿命与安全，锂回嵌可部分缓解析锂对电池的影响。本文基于锂离子电池低温运行实验数据，分别采用差分电压法(DVA)、开路电压法(VRP)和DVA-VRP联合法对电池的析锂及可逆锂回嵌进行定量分析，并结合电化学模型对析锂量计算结果进行了验证。研究发现，DVA特征值随着电池的老化向容量减少方向移动，VRP的特征电压平台向时间减少的方向移动，且这两种方法的析锂特征值呈线性关系，拟合直线随搁置时间的增加向原点平移。VRP结合仿真可准确预测可逆锂，缺点是耗时较长；DVA法在电池运行初期对可逆锂的预测与VRP-仿真法相差不大，但随着电池的老化，预测误差逐步增大。DVA-VRP联合法在保留VRP准确度的前提下，弥补了DVA和VRP误差大、时间成本高的不足，可在较短时间内实现对电池可逆锂的初步预测，为锂离子电池的安全评估提供了重要参考。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 析锂, 锂回嵌, 外特性方法

Abstract:

The lithium-ion batteries (Libs) have been widely used due to their advantages of high energy density and long cycle life. However, the associated lithium plating can cause irreversible capacity fading, reduce the self-heating temperature, and lead to safety hazards, although the lithium stripping process can partially alleviate the effect of lithium plating on the battery. In this paper, the batteries are placed for cycling at low temperatures. The external characteristic methods, which contain the differential voltage analysis (DVA), voltage relaxation profile (VRP), and DVA-VRP, are assessed to quantitatively analyze the reversible lithium stripping process by collecting and analyzing the cycling process of the batteries. The results are verified by the electrochemical model. The present study shows that the features of the DVA and VRP shift along with battery aging. The eigenvalues of these methods are linearly related, and the fitting line shifts downward with the extending rest-time. The results show that the VRP method is more accurate and more time-consuming, whereas the DVA method has higher accuracy in the preliminary stage and the deviation gradually increases with battery aging. The DVA-VRP method can effectively retain accuracy without the disadvantages of large errors and high time costs, and it can also estimate the reversible lithium of the battery in a short time. The method can be used to guide the safety assessment of lithium-ion batteries.

Key words: lithium-ion batteries, lithium plating, lithium stripping, external characteristic methods

中图分类号:

TM 912

张玉龙, 栾伟玲, 吴森明. 基于外特性方法的锂离子电池析锂及可逆锂回嵌定量分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(2): 529-535.

Yulong ZHANG, Weiling LUAN, Senming WU. Quantitative analysis of the lithium plating-stripping process of lithium-ion batteries using external characteristic methods[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(2): 529-535.

图/表 5

参考文献 21

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基于外特性方法的锂离子电池析锂及可逆锂回嵌定量分析

Quantitative analysis of the lithium plating-stripping process of lithium-ion batteries using external characteristic methods

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