多应用场景下储能最优配置经济性效益分析

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0055

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

储能技术可被用作缓解大规模可再生能源并网压力的有效手段，可解决风能、太阳能等可再生能源发电不连续、不可控的难题。本文基于北盘江流域光伏电站的相关特点，研究了北盘江流域不同储能模式的优化配置，利用电化学储能与氢储能相结合的混合储能优化北盘江流域光伏运行，并以储能系统净现值成本最小为目标函数，以储能系统容量及充放电最大功率为约束，对不同类型储能装置的经济效益进行分析，并进行优化配置，基于HOMER Pro软件运行分析得出最优储能容量配置后，根据贵州省现行的价格标准，对其经济性分为发电侧、电网侧及融资租赁模式多应用场景进行分析，得出各应用模式下的经济效益及营收模式，为该地区光伏电站配置储能的实际应用提供了有价值的解决方案。

关键词: 储能技术, 电化学储能, 氢储能, 容量配置, 多应用场景

Abstract:

Energy storage technology provides an efficient way to relieve strain on power grids caused by the integration of large-scale renewable energy sources. It also addresses the challenges posed by the intermittent and unpredictable nature of power generation from wind and solar energies. This study examines the most efficient way to store energy in the photovoltaic power stations of the Beipanjiang River basin, considering their specific traits. To enhance the operation of photovoltaic systems in this region, a combination of electrochemical and hydrogen energy storage is utilized. The primary goal is to minimize the net present value cost of the energy storage system, with the capacity of the energy storage system and the maximum power for charging and discharging acting as constraints. The economic advantages of various energy storage devices are analyzed and optimized. Utilizing HOMER Pro software for operational analysis, optimal energy storage capacity configuration is determined. The economy is then divided into power generation side, power grid side, and financial leasing mode under multiple application scenarios based on the current price standards in Guizhou Province. This segmentation helps obtain economic benefits and revenue models under each application mode. This approach provides a practical solution for energy storage configurations in photovoltaic power stations in the region, offering significant value.

Key words: energy storage technology, electrochemical energy storage, hydrogen energy storage, capacity configuration, multiple application scenarios

中图分类号:

TM 619

张楚, 陈栋才, 陈湘萍, 蔡永翔. 多应用场景下储能最优配置经济性效益分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(6): 2078-2088.

Chu ZHANG, Dongcai CHEN, Xiangping CHEN, Yongxiang CAI. Economic benefit analysis of optimal allocation of energy storage in multiple application scenarios[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(6): 2078-2088.

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类型	使用寿命/年	装机成本/(元/kW)	替换成本/(元/kW)	年运行成本/(元/kW)
光伏	25	3000	3000	20
1 MWh锂电池	15	700000/MWh	700000/MWh	10000/MWh
燃料电池	6	3000	2500	0.01
电解槽	15	2000	1600	0
氢储罐	25	450	360	0
变流器	15	300	300	0

方案	光伏/MW	燃料电池/MW	1 MWh锂电池	净现值成本/亿元	平均化能源成本/元	经营成本/(亿元/年)	初始投资成本/亿元
1	1300	0	137	45.5	0.1792878	0.381	40.6
2	1300	100	0	46.2	0.1824207	0.291	42.5
3	1300	50	126	47.5	0.1933583	0.393	42.4

光伏/MW	1 MWh锂电池	净现值成本/亿元	平均化能源成本/元	经营成本/(亿元/年)	初始投资成本/亿元
1300	137	45.5	0.1792878	0.381	40.6
1300	146	45.5	0.1793991	0.382	40.6
1300	142	45.5	0.1794994	0.383	40.6
1300	148	45.6	0.1796167	0.384	40.6
1300	153	45.7	0.1799694	0.386	40.7

光伏/MW	燃料电池/MW	净现值成本/亿元	平均化能源成本/元	经营成本/(亿元/年)	初始投资成本/亿元
1300	100	46.2	0.1824207	0.291	42.5
1300	105	46.2	0.1824753	0.292	42.5
1300	110	46.4	0.1830394	0.291	42.6
1300	112	46.5	0.1838375	0.293	42.7
1300	123	46.8	0.1848458	0.298	42.9

参数	数值	参数	数值
储能项目容量/MWh	137	充放电深度	95%
储能时长/h	2	能量转换效率	90%
储能装机成本/(元/MWh)	700000	系统循环次数	5000
储能替换成本/(元/MWh)	700000	电池终止容量	80%
储能年运行成本/(元/MWh)	10000	年投运天数	350
电池折旧年限/年	15	里程成本/(元/MW)	3.93