沸石储热反应器优化设计方法研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0862

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

沸石吸附技术具有储热密度高、工作温度低，长时储热无热损失的优点，在建筑储热供热方面具有广阔的应用前景。反应器作为吸附储热系统的关键部件，其热输出性能不仅与自身结构尺寸有关，还与操作条件密切相关。然而，目前反应器设计变量(结构参数和操作条件)对其热输出性能的影响规律尚不清楚，无法指导反应器的优化设计。因此，本工作首先建立吸附储热反应器数值模型，并分析提出了热输出优化目标，针对反应器设计变量对优化目标的影响开展了敏感性分析。结果表明，入口空气温度和湿度对出口温度影响最为显著，绝对湿度是影响单位体积放热量的最大因素，热输出稳定时间受反应器尺寸长度的正向影响。在此基础上，进一步分析得出设计变量对优化目标的影响规律，确定了反应器设计过程中设计变量的优先级，从而提出了储热反应器的设计方法与流程。

关键词: 吸附储热, 反应器优化目标, 数值模拟, 设计方法

Abstract:

Zeolite adsorption heat storage technology offers several advantages, such as high energy storage density, low operating temperatures, and minimal heat loss during long-term storage, making it a promising solution for thermal energy applications in buildings. The thermal output performance of the reactor, a critical component of adsorption heat storage systems, is significantly influenced by its structural dimensions and operating conditions. However, the influence of the reactor design variables (structural parameters and operating conditions) on thermal output performance remains unclear, limiting effective optimization. In this study, a numerical model of an adsorption heat storage reactor was developed, and the thermal output optimization objectives were proposed. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of the key design variables on the optimization objectives. The findings revealed that inlet air temperature and humidity significantly influenced outlet temperature, with absolute humidity being the main factor affecting heat release per unit volume. The airflow rate primarily affects the response time of the thermal output. Based on these findings, this study further examines the relationships between the design variables and optimization objectives, establishing the priority of the reactor's design variables. Therefore, a comprehensive design approach and process for heat storage reactors was proposed.

Key words: adsorption heat storage, reactor optimization objectives, numerical simulation, design method

中图分类号:

TK 02

王利明, 王梦奇, 罗伊默, 杨格桑, 汪媛媛, 王乐霄. 沸石储热反应器优化设计方法研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(12): 4272-4281.

Liming WANG, Mengqi WANG, Yimo LUO, Gesang YANG, Yuanyuan WANG, Lexiao WANG. Optimum design method for zeolite heat storage reactors[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(12): 4272-4281.

图/表 17

图1

表1

沸石-13X物性参数"

物理量	名称	设定值	物理量	名称	设定值
孔隙率	$ε$	0.39	吸附热	$Δ$ H	1800 kJ/kg
沸石密度	$ρ p$	690 kg/m³	吸附平衡常数	b	1.5
沸石比热容	$c p, p$	1080 J/(kg·K)	饱和吸附量	q_s	15 mol/kg
沸石导热系数	$k p$	3.3 W/(m·K)	扩散系数	D_s0	2.55 $×$ 10^-6 m²/s
流体比热容	$c p, f$	1005 J/(kg·K)	平均颗粒直径	d_p	4 mm
流体密度	$ρ f$	1.29 kg/m³	反应活化能	E	28035 J/mol

表1

表2

图2

图3

表3

图4

图5

表4

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

表5

设计变量与优化目标的相关性"

性能目标	设计变量
性能目标	$T i n$	AH_in	$v i n$	L
$t s t a b l e$	0	-1	-1	1
T_max	1	1	0	0
$∆ T a v e$	0	1	0	0
$E d$	0	1	0	1

表5

图12

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组别	a₁	a₂	MAE1 (参考下组)	MAE2 (参考mesh5)
mesh1	58	9	3.92 K	8.07 K
mesh2	116	18	2.54 K	4.20 K
mesh3	290	45	1.12 K	1.69 K
mesh4	580	90	0.56 K	0.56 K
mesh5	1160	180	—	—

设计变量	起始值	步长	终止值
模拟工况/组	720	—	—
反应器长度L/m	0.20	0.05	0.3
入口空气流速v_in/(m/s)	0.2	0.1	0.5
入口空气温度T_in/℃	15	5	60
入口相对湿度RH_in/%	40	10	90

入口温度/℃	入口相对湿度	绝对湿度/ (g/kg)	稳定时间/min	出口平均温度/℃	出口平均温升/℃
45	0.9	57.90	55	197.91	152.91
50	0.7	57.95	56	200.48	150.48

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