炭基锂离子电容器的研究进展

doi:10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2016.0072

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 新能源体系的建设和电子设备的飞速发展对储能器件提出了更高的要求，即要求其同时兼具较高的能量密度和功率密度。锂离子电容器（LIC）是一种基于锂离子电池（LIB）和超级电容器（EDLC）双重储能机制的储能器件，兼具超级电容器良好的功率特性和锂离子电池较高的能量密度，有望应用于混合动力汽车、轨道交通、智能电网、能源工程等领域。从锂离子电容器未来的产业化角度出发，炭材料因为资源丰富、制备简单和廉价易得是锂离子电容器的首选材料。本文综述了活性炭等正极炭材料、石墨等负极炭材料、电解液以及锂离子电容器工艺方面的研究进展，并对锂离子电容器未来的发展方向和发展前景作出了展望。

关键词: 锂离子电容器, 炭基材料, 嵌锂工艺, 储能

Abstract: The construction of new energy system and the rapid development of electronic equipment put forward higher requirements for energy storage devices with high energy density and high power density. Lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) is a novel storage device which based on the dual energy storage mechanism of lithium-ion battery (LIB) and electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLC), it can deliver higher energy density than EDLC and higher power density than LIB, it’s one of the optimum choices for hybrid electric vehicles, rail transit, smart power grids and energy engineering. In terms of future industrialization of lithium ion capacitor, carbonaceous materials seem to be the best alternative because of its advantages of abundant resources, cheapness and easy availability. This paper reviews the research progress of cathode material such as activated carbon material, anode material such as graphite material, electrolyte containing lithium ion and the preparation technology of lithium ion capacitor, and prospects the future development of lithium ion capacitor.

Key words: lithium ion capacitor, carbon-based material, pre-lithiation technology, energy storage

张进，王静，时志强. 炭基锂离子电容器的研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2016, 5(6): 807-815.

ZHANG Jin, WANG Jing, SHI Zhiqiang. Research progress of carbon-based lithium ion capacitor[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2016, 5(6): 807-815.

参考文献

[1] BURKE A. Ultracapacitors: Why, how, and Where is the technology[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2000，91：37-50.

[2] SHI H. Activated carbons and double layer capacitance[J]. Electrochimica Acta，1996，41：1633-1639.

[3] PANDOLFO A G，HOLLENKAMP A F. Carbon properties and their role in supercapacitors[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2006，157：11-27.

[4] WANG J，CHENG M，WANG C，et al. Amphiphilic carbonaceous material modiﬁed graphite as anode material for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Materials Letters，2010，64：2281-2283.

[5] HARUNA H H，ITOH S，HORIBA T，et al. Large-format lithium-ion batteries for electric power storage[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2011，196：7002-7005.

[6] OSAKA T，MOMMA T，MUKOYAMA D，et al. Proposal of novel equivalent circuit for electrochemical impedance analysis of commercially available lithium ion battery[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2012，205：483-486.

[7] OMAR N，DAOWD M，HEGAZY O，et al. Assessment of lithium- ion capacitor for using in battery electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle applications[J]. Electrochimica Acta，2012，86：305-315.

[8] FIROUZ Y，OMAR N，TIMMERMANS J M，et al. Lithium-ion capacitor—Characterization and development of new electrical model[J]. Energy，2015，83：597-613.

[9] DUBAL D P，AYYAD O，RUIZ V，er al. Hybrid energy storage： the merging of battery and supercapacitor chemistries[J]. Chemical Society Reviews，2015，44：1777-1790.

[10] PING L N，ZHENG J M，SHI Z Q，et al. Electrochemical performance of lithium ion capacitors using Li⁺-intercalated mesocarbon microbeads as the negative electrode[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica，2012，28：1733-1738.

[11] 矢田静邦. 电気化学, 1997, 65：706-709.

[12] AMATUCCI G G.，BADWAY F，PASQUIER A D，et al. An asymmetric hybrid nonaqueous energy storage cell[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society，2001，148： A930-A939.

[13] 安东信雄，小岛健治，田崎信一，等. 锂离子电容器：101292310 [P]. 2006.

[14] 安东信雄，小岛健治，田崎信一，等. 1860568-A[P]. 2006.

[15] SIVAKUMAR C，NIAN J N，TENG H. Poly(ο-toluidine) for carbon fabric electrode modification to enhance the electrochemical capacitance and conductivity[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2005，144：295-301.

[16] JAIN A，ARAVINDAN V，JAYARAMAN S，et al. Activated carbons derived from coconut shells as high energy density cathode material for Li-ion capacitors[J]. Scientific Reports，2013，3：3002-3007.

[17] KARTHIKEYAN K，ARAVINDAN V，LEE S B，et al. A novel asymmetric hybrid supercapacitor based on Li₂FeSiO₄and activated carbon electrodes[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds，2010，504：224-227.

[18] BRANDT A，BALDUCCI A. A study about the use of carbon coated iron oxide-based electrodes in lithium-ion capacitors[J]. Electrochimica Acta，2013，108：219-225.

[19] PUTHUSSERI D，ARAVINDAN V，MADHAVI S，et al. Improving the energy density of Li-ion capacitors using polymer-derived porous carbon as cathode[J]. Electrochimica Acta，2014，130：766-770.

[20] YU X，ZHAN C，LV R，et al. Ultrahigh-rate and high-density lithium-ion capacitors through hybriding nitrogen-enriched hierarchical porous carbon cathode with prelithiated microcrystalline graphite anode[J]. Nano Energy，2015，15：43-53.

[21] ZHANG T，ZHANG F，ZHANG L，et al. High energy density Li-ion capacitor assembled with all grapheme-based electrodes[J]. Carbon，2015，92：106-118.

[22] AURBACH D，LEVI M D，LEVI E，et al. Failure and stabilization mechanisms of graphite electrodes[J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry，1997，101：2195-2206.

[23] NG S H，VIX-GUTERL C，BERNARDO P，et al. Correlations between surface properties of graphite and the first cycle specific charge loss in lithium-ion batteries [J]. Carbon，2009，47：705-712.

[24] MICHAEL S E，HILMI B，ANDREAS W，et al. Surface reactivity of graphite materials and their surface passivation during the first electrochemical lithium insertion[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2006，153：300-311.

[2 5] SIVAKKUMAR S R，NERKAR J Y ，PANDOLFO A G. Rate capability of graphite materials as negative electrodes in lithium-ion capacitors[J]. Electrochimica Acta，2010，55：3330-3335.

[26] SIVAKKUMAR S R，MILEV A S，PANDOLFO A G. Effect of ball-milling on the rate and cycle-life performance of graphite asnegative electrodes in lithium-ion capacitors[J]. Electrochimica Acta，2011，56：9700-9706.

[27] SCHROEDER M，WINTER M，PASSERINI S，et al. On the use of soft carbon and propylene carbonate-based electrolytes in lithium-ion capacitors[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society，2012，159：A1240-A1245.

[28] SCHROEDER M，WINTER M，PASSERINI S，et al. On the cycling stability of lithium-ion capacitors containing soft carbon as anodic material[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2013，238：388-394.

[29] CAO W J，ZHENG J P. Li-ion capacitors with carbon cathode and hard carbon/stabilized lithium metal powder anode electrodes[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2012，213：180-185.

[30] CAO W J，SHIH J，ZHENG J P，et al. Development and characterization of Li-ion capacitor pouch cells[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2014，257：388-393.

[31] CAO W J，LI Y X，FITCH B，et al. Strategies to optimize lithium-ion supercapacitors achieving high performance：Cathode configurations，lithium loadings on anode，and types of separator[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2014，268：841-847.

[32] CAO W J，ZHENG J S，ADAMS D，et al. Comparative study of the power and cycling performance for advanced lithium-ion capacitors with various carbon anodes[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society，2014，161：A2087-A2092.

[33] DU H P，YANG H，HUANG C S，et al. Graphdiyne applied for lithium-ion capacitors displaying high power and energy densities[J]. Nano Energy，2016，22：615-622.

[34] REN J J，SU L W，QIN X，et al. Pre-lithiated graphene nanosheets as negative electrode materials for Li-ion capacitors with high power and energy density[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2014，264：108-113.

[35] KALIYAPPAN K，AMARESH S，LEE Y S. LiMnBO₃ Nanobeads as an innovative anode material for high power lithium ion capacitor applications[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces，2014，6：11357-11367.

[36] ZOU W Y，WANG W，HE B L，et al. Supercapacitive properties of hybrid films of manganese dioxide and polyaniline based on active carbon in organic electrolyte[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2010，195：7489-7493.

[37] ZHANG F，ZhANG T F，YANG X，et al. A high-performance supercapacitor-battery hybrid energy storage device based on graphene-enhanced electrode materials with ultrahigh energy density[J]. Energy Environmential Science，2013，6：1623-1632

[38] WANG Q，SUN J，CHEN X，et al. Effects of solvents and salts on the thermal stability[J]. Electrochimica Acta，2004，49：4599-4604.

[39] ANDERSSON A M，HERSTEDT M，BISHOP A G，et al. The influence of lithium salt on the interfacial reactions controlling the thermal stability of graphite anodes[J]. Electrochimica Acta，2002，47：1885-1898.

[40] LAIK B，GESSIER F，MERCIER F，et al. Influence of lithium salts on the behavior of a petroleum coke in organic carbonate solutions[J]. Electrochimica Acta，1999，44：1667-1676.

[41] PARK M S，LIM Y G，KIM J H，et al. A novel lithium-doping approach for an advanced lithium ion capacitor[J]. Advanced Energy Materials，2011，1：1002-1006.

[42] PING L N，ZHENG J M，SHI Z Q，et al. Electrochemcial performance of MCMB/(AC+LiFePO₄) lithium-ion capacitors[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin，2013，58：689-695.

[43] HU X，HUAI Y J，LIN Z J，et al. A (LiFePO₄-AC) /Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ hybrid battery capacitor[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society，2007，154：A1026-A1030.

[44] 袁美荣，王臣，徐永进，等. 锂离子电容器的研究进展[J]. 材料导报，2013，27：140-149.

YUAN Meirong，WANG Chen，XU Yongjin，et al. Research progress on lithium ion capacitors[J]. Materials Review，2013，27：140-149.

[45] SIVAKKUMAR S R，PANDOLFO A G. Evaluation of lithium-ion capacitors assembled with pre-lithiated graphite anode and activated carbon cathode[J]. Electrochimica Acta，2012，65：280-287.

[46] DECAUX C，LOTA G，FRACKOWIAK E，et al. Electrochemical performance of a hybrid lithium-ion capacitor with a graphite anode preloaded from lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide-based electrolyte[J]. Electrochimica Acta，2012，86：282-286.

[47] ZHANG J，SHI Z Q，WANG C Y. Effect of pre-lithiation degrees of mesocarbon microbeads anode on the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion capacitors[J]. Electeochimica Acta，2014，125：22-28.

[48] ZHANG J，WU H Z，WANG J，et al. Pre-lithiation design and lithium ion intercalation plateaus utilization of mesocarbon microbeads anode for lithium-ion capacitors[J]. Electeochimica Acta，2015，182：156-164.

[49] PASQUIER A D，LAFORGUE A，SIMON P. Li₄Ti₅O₁₂/poly(methyl) thiophene asymmetric hybrid electrochemical device[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2004，125：95-102.

[50] WANG H Y，YOSHIO M. Performance of AC/graphite capacitors at high weight ratios of AC/graphite[J]. Journal of Power Sources，2008，177：681-684.

[51] SHI Z Q，ZHANG J，WANG J，et al. Effect of the capacity design of activated carbon cathode on the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion capacitors[J]. Electrochimica Acta，2015，153：476-483.