锂硫电池关键材料与技术的研究进展

doi:10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2016.0091

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 锂硫电池在理论上具有2600 W•h/kg的质量比能量和2800 W•h/L的体积比能量，且材料成本低廉、环境友好，可以满足很多新兴技术的要求，受到学术界和产业界的广泛关注。但是其在产业化开发过程中遇到诸多技术难题，需要通过正极、负极、隔膜、电解液等基础材料的开发和制造技术的进步获得不断突破。本文从产业化应用的需求出发，总结了锂硫电池在提高其安全性能、循环寿命、功率密度及比能量等方面存在的问题及解决方案，提出电池循环过程中产生的体积变化主要是由于锂负极的不均匀沉积引起的，最后结合电池成本及应用要求预测了未来锂硫电池研究的重要方向。

关键词: 锂硫电池, 金属锂负极, 碳硫复合正极

Abstract: Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, with low cost and environmental friendly active materials, have received great attention due to their superior theoretical specific energy of 2600 W•h/kg and 2800 W•h/L. However, many technical problems in both basic materials development and manufacturing technology exploration still exist and severely hinder the industrialization process of Li-S batteries. From the perspective of industrial applications, this review summarizes the current problems and solutions with respect to safety, cycle-lifetime and energy density of Li-S batteries. Lithium metal heterogeneous deposition is proposed to be the main reason of batteries volume expansion. Based on investigation of cost and application requirement, industry-research cooperation and continuously technology innovation are necessary to achieve practical application.

Key words: lithium-sulfur batteries, lithium metal anode, carbon/sulfur composite cathode

陈雨晴1, 2，杨晓飞1, 2，于滢1, 2，李先锋1, 3，张洪章1, 3，张华民1, 3. 锂硫电池关键材料与技术的研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2017, 6(2): 169-189.

CHEN Yuqing1,2, YANG Xiaofei1,2, YU Ying1,2, LI Xianfeng1,3, ZHANG Hongzhang1,3, ZHANG Huamin1,3. Key materials and technology research progress of lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2017, 6(2): 169-189.

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