All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries based on polymer electrolytes: State of the art, challenges and future trends

doi:10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2016.0020

Abstract

Abstract: The traditional rechargeable lithium batteries commonly used a large amount of non-aqueous liquid electrolytes leading to inherent hazards of leakages and fire. All-solid-state polymer electrolytes (ASPEs) attract intensive interests due to their unique properties, such as high safety characteristics, wide operating temperature range and long cycle life. They are expected to be the next generation of commercialized electrolytes in the field of lithium-ion battery. The dendritic growth of lithium metal electrode can also be well suppressed in the process of charging and discharging by ASPEs, because ASPEs usually have excellent mechanical properties. This review presents a brief overview of recent progress in ASPEs based on polyethylene oxide(PEO), polycarbonate, polysiloxane and single lithium-ion conductor. PEO is the first class of ASPEs that are researched extensively, whose high crystallinity give rise to the difficult migration of Li+ and low ion conductivity. Aimed at the issue of crystallinity, researchers have exploited plenty of modifications to lower polymer chains’ crystallinity and improve the conductivity of PEO. Lithium salts are easily dissolved in polycarbonates and resulted polymer electrolyte has higher ion conductivity than PEO because of its strongly polar carbonate group and amorphous state at room temperature, which may be alternative materials of PEO potentially. Besides the carbon-chain polymers, polysiloxane with low glass transition temperature attracts widespread concerns from researchers because of its high conductivity. In addition, migration of anions will only exacerbate concentration polarization of electrolytes in the charge-discharge process, so single lithium-ion conductors without anions’ migration are also worth to exploiting. Finally, the challenges and future trends towards high energy and all-solid-state polymer electrolytes batteries are also commented. PEO should be developed with the organic-inorganic composite system, polycarbonate should be developed with the blend system, polysiloxane should be enhanced with strong mechanical properties, single lithium-ion conductor should be designed with the new polyanion lithium salt that has higher conductivity.

Key words: all-solid-state polymer electrolytes, lithium battery, ionic conductivity, trends

DU Aobing, CHAI Jingchao, ZHANG Jianjun, LIU Zhihong, CUI Guanglei. All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries based on polymer electrolytes: State of the art, challenges and future trends[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2016, 5(5): 627-648.

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