Model-free adaptive control strategy for primary frequency modulation of energy storage battery

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0269

Abstract

Abstract:

The participation of energy storage batteries in the primary frequency regulation of the power grid has been studied extensively to improve the frequency regulation characteristics of the power grid by energy storage batteries. First, the frequency characteristic model of a high permeability new energy regional power grid with an energy storage battery was established, and its amplitude-frequency characteristics were analyzed. The addition of energy storage can effectively improve the frequency stability of the power grid. A model-free self-adaptive energy storage control strategy considering the battery state of charge and based on the input and output data of the energy storage system is proposed to ensure the state of charge (SOC) holding effect of the energy storage battery, the frequency modulation demand of the power grid, and the uncertainty of the accurate mathematical model of the energy storage battery. The corresponding frequency modulation effect and charge state holding effect indices were given. Finally, a typical high permeability new energy regional power grid frequency modulation model was simulated in Matlab/Simulink. The results showed that the proposed strategy could improve the anti-interference and self-adaptive ability of the power grid. Compared to traditional control strategies, the proposed strategy had a significant frequency modulation effect under step load disturbance. In the case of a longterm load disturbance (continuous), the state of the charge index of the proposed strategy was the best, and the frequency modulation effect index was significant. The simulation results verified the feasibility and advantages of the proposed strategy. This paper adopts the data-driven research method instead of the traditional model method, which removes the strong dependence on the mathematical model of the controlled system, helps promote the energy storage battery to participate in the more efficient application of power grid frequency regulation, and provides more ideas for accelerating the dual carbon goal.

Key words: energy storage, primary frequency modulation, regional power grid, state of charge, data driven, model-free adaptation

CLC Number:

Shiqiang LIAO, Xinyan ZHANG, Shasha LIU, Guanghao ZHANG, Lixiang HUANG, Rui SHI. Model-free adaptive control strategy for primary frequency modulation of energy storage battery[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(10): 3221-3230.

Figures/Tables 18

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Table 1

Frequency modulation evaluation index When QSOC=0.5"

方法	$Δ f m$	$Δ f s$	$α$	$β$
本文策略	0.1861	0.1218	0.4834	0.0034
定K法	0.1861	0.1231	0.4834	0.0021
变K法	0.2510	0.1589	0.3643	0.0024
无储能	0.4715	0.2262	0.4710	0.0067

Table 1

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

Fig. 11

Fig. 12

Fig. 13

Table 2

Evaluation index of five minute continuous load disturbance"

方法	$Q f$	$P S O C$
本文策略	0.0959	0.0804
定K法	0.0901	0.0841
变K法	0.1182	0.0554
无储能	0.1639	—

Table 2

Fig. 14

Fig. 15

Table 3

Evaluation index of 1-hour continuous load disturbance"

方法	$Q f$	$P S O C$
本文策略	0.1432	0.2530
定K法	0.1496	0.4485
变K法	0.1489	0.2561
无储能	0.1605	—

Table 3

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